La Alpine Violet, inozivikanwawo se cyclamen persicumAlpine violets ndeimwe yemiti inokosheswa munyika yekurima gadheni, kunyanya nekuda kwekugona kwavo kutumbuka munguva yechando, apo mhando zhinji dzakarara. Pasinei nechitarisiko chadzo chakapfava, chirimwa chakasimba icho, kana chikachengetwa zvakanaka, chinogona kutifadza norunako rwazvo nokunhuwirira kwadzo kwechikamu chikuru chegore. Muchinyorwa chino, iwe uchaona maitiro ekuchengetedza Alpine violet yako ine hutano, yakasimba, uye ichitumbuka mukati nekunze, uine hunyanzvi zano remwaka wega wega, kubatanidza maitiro akanaka uye zvakavanzika zvehunyanzvi.
Hunhu hunokosha hweAlpine Violet
El cyclamen persicum ndezve genus cyclamen, idzo dzinobatanidza marudzi makumi maviri emiti ine bulbous (tuberous) inobva kumabvazuva kweMediterranean, uko inokura munzvimbo inotonhorera kusvika kune ine mwero, ichiendawo kunzvimbo dzine makomo dzeEurope, kusanganisira Alps. Mhando iyi yakazara quirks izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakasarudzika uye kufambisa kuzivikanwa kwayo uye kutarisirwa:
- Size: Iyo yakajairwa kureba kweAlpine violet inosiyana pakati pe30 ne40 cm.
- Maruva: Dzinotanhamara nokuda kwemavara adzo anoyevedza, ayo anosanganisira machena chaiwo, mapingi akasiyana-siyana, matsvuku, epepuru, maviolets, uye kunyange dzvuku nesalmon. Mapeti avo ane velvety ane mimvuri yakasviba pazasi uye anopeta kumusoro, achigadzira isinganzwisisike silhouette.
- Bloom: Inowanzotanga mukupera kwematsutso uye inopfuurira munguva yechando uye kusvika muchirimo, chimwe chinhu chinokosheswa zvikuru sezvo marudzi mashoma anoratidza maruva pamazuva anotonhora.
- Mapepa Yakakura, yakatenderedzwa kana moyo-yakaumbwa, ine ganda reganda uye yakashongedzwa nesirivha kana greyish mapatani. Iwo akasvibira pamusoro pepamusoro, nepo pasi anogona kutora toni dzakatsvuka. Dzinokura pamapetioles marefu anobuda zvakananga kubva mugirobhu.
- Kunhuwirira: Mamwe marudzi anopa a munhuwi inonakidza kwazvo, iyo inowedzera yekushongedza kukosha kune chirimwa.
- Mavambo: Inowanikwa kuPersia, Middle East, Greece uye nzvimbo dzeAlpine dzeEurope.
Chinhu chakakosha zvikuru cherudzi urwu ndezvayo mamiriro e dormancyAlpine violet inoenda yakarara muchirimo—apo mamiriro okunze anenge achipisa nokuoma—inozongotungira nokutumbuka zvine simba zvakare nokusvika kwetembiricha inotonhorera, inonaya.
Maruva uye kutenderera kwehupenyu: Chii chekutarisira mumwaka wega wega?
La Alpine Violet Ndiyo imwe yemiti yechando inotumbuka par excellence. Maruva anotanga nekudonha kwekushisa uye kuwedzera kwehunyoro:
- Autumn neChando: Iyi inguva yechiitiko chepamusoro uye maruva. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, chirimwa chinogona kuramba chiri mumaruva kwemwedzi yakati wandei, ichipa ruvara uye kutsva kune ese ari maviri emukati akajeka uye mapindu ane mumvuri. Ino inguva iyo inoda kugara ichitarisirwa, kudzivirira kushanduka kwekushisa kamwe kamwe uye kudiridza zvakanyanya.
- Chirimo: Maruva anoenderera mberi, kunyange munzvimbo dzinodziya zvikuru, kuderera kwezvinomera kungatanga. Zvakakosha kugadzirisa kudiridza uye kutarisa substrate yezviratidzo zvekupera.
- Zhizha: Imwaka we vegetative rest kana dormancyChikamu chepamusoro-chepasi chinogona kuoma zvachose apo girobhu rinoramba rakarara, richimirira kutonhora kunotonhorera. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotokurudzira kumira kudiridza panguva iyi kudzivirira kuora.
Kupi kutenga Alpine Violet?
Kana iwe uchida kubatanidza a Alpine Violet kumba kwako kana kubindu, pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa:
- Tenga ikozvino chirimwa chakaumbwa muzvitoro zvine hunyanzvi kana muzvitoro zvebindu panguva yemaruva.
- Wana mhodzi kumera kumba. Izvi zvinovimbisa zvakasiyana-siyana uye mukana wekuve nemuenzaniso kubva pakutanga kwehupenyu hwavo.
- Nyorera mababu (tubers), sarudzo inosarudzwa kune avo vanoda kubudirira kare uye yakawanda yakavimbiswa maruva.
Nzira yekudyara uye kuwedzera Alpine Violet
El cyclamen persicum Inogona kuparadzirwa nembeu, kunyange zvazvo zvichikwanisika kuwana zvienzaniso zvakakura zvakakwana nekuparadzanisa mababu. Matanho acho ndeaya:
- Kuwana mbeu: Unogona kuzvitenga muzvitoro zvine hunyanzvi kana kuzvitora kubva kuzvirimwa zvevakuru, kunyangwe zvekushambadzira zvinowanzoitika kuti uzviwane kubva kune vanozivikanwa vatengesi nekuda kwekukwira kwazvo kumera.
- Nguva yekudyara: Nguva yakanakisisa iri mukudonha, apo tembiricha iri pakati pe13 ne17 degrees. Kumera kunogona kutora mavhiki akati kuti.
- Substrate uye nzvimbo: Shandisa matireyi ane spongy, zvishoma acidic substrate (pH pedyo kusvika 6) uye akapfuma mune microelements. Fukidza mbeu zvishoma. Chengetedza tireyi mumumvuri, kudzivisa zuva rakananga, iro rinogona kudzivisa kumera. Medium-high humidity inokurudzirwa, asi usawedzere mvura substrate.
- Fertigation: Kana yamera, isa zvidimbu zvidiki zvekudya nekudiridza, kunyanya mumwedzi wekutanga.
- Kutanga kuisazve: Kana mbesa iine mashizha gumi kusvika gumi nemaviri, isa muhari imwe chete dhayamita 10-12 cm. Gare gare, zvichienderana nekukura, iendese kuhari yekusingaperi (8-9 cm).
- Kuwanza negirobhu: "Mbatatisi" kana magirobhu akagadzirwa zvakanaka (anopfuura masendimita mashanu) anogona kunyatsopatsanurwa kuti awane zvirimwa zvitsva, kunyangwe tsika iyi inoda ruzivo.
Alpine Violet Care: Mazano eKukura Iwo Gore-Kutenderera
optimal tembiricha
La yakanaka tembiricha yeAlpine Violet Inochengetwa pakati pe15 ne20 ° C. Kunyange zvazvo ichikwanisa kumira nechando chakareruka (kudzika kusvika -5°C), kutarisana netembiricha iri pamusoro pe22°C kwenguva yakareba kunogona kupfupisa nguva yekutumbuka uye kukurumidza kurara. Dzivisa kuiisa kune zvinopisa zvakaita semaradiyeta, zvitofu, kana maheater, nekuti izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusvava uye kuora.
Iluminación
Zvinodiwa nharaunda dzakajeka kwazvo, asi kwete muchiedza chezuva. Kunze, zviise munzvimbo dzakajeka kana dzine mumvuri, zvakanaka pasi pemiti, hedges, kana pergolas. Mumba, isa pedyo nehwindo rekuchamhembe- kana kumabvazuva, asi dzivirira zuva rakananga kuburikidza negirazi.
Kudiridza uye hunyoro
- Ideal method: Mvura kubva pazasi, ichiisa hari pasosa remvura kwemaminetsi mashoma kuitira kuti substrate itore mvura kuburikidza necapillary action, kudzivirira kusangana negirobhu. Bvisa mvura yakawandisa mushure memaminitsi gumi kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura.
- Frequency: Chengetedza iyo substrate yakanyorova zvishoma mumatsutso uye munguva yechando, asi isati yanyorova. Bvumira chikamu chepamusoro chevhu kuti chiome usati wadiridza zvakare.
- Muchirimo: Munguva yedormancy, mvura chete apo neapo kudzivirira girobhu kubva kuoma zvachose, asi kwete zvakanyanya. Kana ikarasikirwa nenhungirwa yayo yese, rega kudiridza kusvika yatungira zvakare.
- Environment: Cyclamen inokura munzvimbo ine mwando. Unogona kuisa poto pasaga yematombo akanyorova kana jecha kuti uwedzere hunyoro, asi usarega pasi pepoto ichibata mvura.
Substrate uye poto
- Substratum: Inofarira ivhu rakasununguka, rakareruka, uye rakanyoroveswa zvakanaka rakapfuma mune organic zvinhu. A substrate yakavakirwa peat uye diki perlite kana jecha inovandudza aeration uye inodzivirira compaction.
- pH: Iine acidic zvishoma, pakati pe5,5 ne6,5.
- Ruva: Inofarira hari dzisina kunyanya kukura (poto yakamanikana) kukurudzira maruva.
Kuchekerera uye kugadzirisa
- Kuchekerera: Bvisa maruva akasvava uye mashizha ipapo paanonamatira pagirobhu. Izvi zvinodzivirira zvirwere uye zvinokurudzira kukura kutsva. Iwe unogona kushandisa anvil shears kana kungodhonza zvinyoro nyoro kubvisa petiole pasina kukuvadza girobhu. Dzivisa kusiya tsvina yezvirimwa muhari, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuora.
- Kuchenesa: Nguva dzose tarisa mamiriro emashizha nemaruva kuti apindure kune chero zviratidzo zvekuparara kana kuora.
Fertilization uye fertilization
- Epoch: Munguva yekukura kwekushanda uye maruva (matsutso-muchando), wedzera fetiraiza yemvura mazuva ose gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri pamwe chete nemvura yekudiridza.
- Rudzi rwekunyorera: Mushonga wakaenzana wezvikafu unoshandiswa, unodzora nitrogen yakawandisa (izvi zvinokurudzira mashizha akawanda uye maruva mashoma). Potassium yakakosha pakuwedzera kunaka uye kusimba kwemaruva.
- Kupera kwemaruva: Kana chirimwa chikarara, rega kuisa fetereza.
Transplanting uye repotting
- Nguva: Shandura kuhari yakakura chete kana girobhu rakura zvakanyanya, uye nguva dzose mushure mekutumbuka, apo mashizha nemaruva zvinosvava uye zvinonyangarika.
- Yakavandudzwa substrate: Tora mukana wekutsiva iyo substrate nemusanganiswa we spongy we peat uye compost. Iwe unogona kuwedzera fetireza inononoka-kuburitsa paunenge uchidzorera.
Zvipembenene zvakanyanya uye zvirwere
Sezvakaita chero imwe chirimwa, the Alpine Violet Inogona kukanganiswa netupukanana nezvirwere zvakasiyana kana mamiriro ekukura asina kunaka. Pazasi, tinotsanangura tupukanana zvakanyanya, zviratidzo zvadzo, uye maitiro ekuzvirwisa:
Zvirwere
- Botrytis (grey mold): Inoratidzika sehupfu hwehupfu pane petioles nemaruva. Humidity yakawandisa uye kusapinda kwemhepo yakakwana kunoifarira. Bvisa mashizha akabatwa uye uvandudze kutenderera kwemhepo. Dzivisa kumwaya mvura zvakananga pachirimwa.
- Powdery chakuvhe: Mavara machena, ane hupfu pamashizha nemadzinde. Shandisai fungicides pakurapa.
- Bacteriosis (Erwinia carotovora): Mashizha ekare anosvava uye anodonha, matsva anopfava, uye pakati pegirobhu rinoora. Bvisa zvinomera zvakakanganisika uye disinfect substrate.
- Anthracnose: Mavara ebrown pamaruva petioles uye madzinde. Shandisa fungicide paunongoona zviratidzo zvekutanga.
- Fusarium chirwere: Yero, kusvava, uye kuenderera mberi nekuoma. Kana ukaona white-pink mold munzvimbo yemutsipa, kuderedza organic matter uye kugadzirisa pH neraimu.
Zvipembenene
- Nzendo: Vanosiya makwapa matsvuku nemadota matema pamashizha. Isa mishonga chaiyo yezvipembenene.
- Nhunzi chena: Dzora nemisungo yechromatic uye zvigadzirwa zvakananga.
- Mite: Vanokanganisa mashizha madiki nemaruva. Shandisa selective acaricides.
- Weevils: Dzinonanzva kumucheto kwemashizha, uye makonye adzo anokuvadza midzi nemagirobhu. Bvisa neruoko wobata nemushonga wezvipembenene kana zvichidiwa.
- Makonye uye grey worms: Dzinotsenga madzinde pasi. Shandisa zviredzo uye kudzora vanhu pamaoko.
- Nematodes: Vanorwisa midzi, kugadzirisa nematicides kana paine kukuvara kunoonekwa.
Physiological matambudziko
- Bulb rot: Nguva dzose inokonzerwa nemvura yakawandisa kana kuti mvura isina kunaka. Usambonyorovesa pakati pechirimwa.
- Yellow yemashizha (chlorosis): Nekuda kwekuwandisa lime mumvura kana substrate. Shandisa iron chelates kugadzirisa kushomeka.
- Kuda kana wasvika kumba: Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwekuchinja kamwe kamwe mumamiriro ezvinhu (kubva kune inotonhora greenhouse kusvika kune inodziya, inopisa mukati). Edza kugadzirisa chirimwa zvishoma nezvishoma.
Nguva yechando nekuzorora kwezhizha: iyo dormancy cycle
La Alpine Violet Inopinda mumatanho akasiyana gore rose:
- Kuzorora kwezhizha (dormancy): Kana tembiricha yakwira uye nharaunda yaoma, chirimwa chinopinda muchikamu icho mativi emuchadenga anonyangarika uye girobhu rinopera.
- Maitiro ekuita: Musarasa hari; ingomira kudiridza, woiisa munzvimbo inotonhorera, ine mumvuri, uye ine mhepo, uye mirira kusvikira kunze kwave kutonhorera uye kunyorova. Unogona kupindurudza poto kuti uchengetedze girobhu.
- Autumn bud: Kana tembiricha yadzikira uye mwando wodzoka, chirimwa chinotangazve kukura. Mvura zvakare uye dzokorora kana zvichidiwa.
Iyi nzira ndeyechisikigo uye haireve kuti chirimwa chinofa. Kushivirira kuchava shamwari yako yakanakisisa.
Mazano ehunyanzvi ekuwedzera maruva uye hupenyu hweviolet yako
- Tenga makopi anawo majoko akawanda asina kuvhurwa kuti unakidzwe nenguva yakareba yemaruva.
- Chengeta tembiricha dzakagadzikana uye dzivisa kuchinja kamwe kamwe.
- Isa munzvimbo mahara kubva kune zvinyorwa uye kure nemidziyo yekudziya yemukati.
- Usasasa mvura pamashizha nemaruva. Humidity inofanirwa kupihwa kune zvakatipoteredza, kwete zvakananga kune chirimwa.
- Usashandise nitrogen fertilizer. Inoda potassium kuvandudza maruva.
Kukanganisa kwakajairika uye nzira yekuzvidzivisa
- Kudiridza zvakanyanya: Ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kufa kwegirobhu nekuda kwekuora. Gara uchiyeuka kudiridza uchishandisa capillary chiito uye rega chikamu chepamusoro chiome usati wadiridza zvakare.
- Kupisa kwakanyanya: Mamiriro ekudziya, akaoma anogona kukonzera kukurumidza kudonha kwemashizha nemaruva. Zvichengetedze munzvimbo inotonhorera.
- Zuva rakananga: Dzivisa zuva rakananga, rinopisa mashizha nemaruva, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinodziya.
- Kutadza kuremekedza nguva yekuzorora: Kana ukasabvumira chirimwa kuti chizorore muzhizha, girobhu rinogona kupera simba.
Inowanzobvunzwa mibvunzo
- Alpine Violet ingarimwa mumba here?
Hongu, chero bedzi ichiwana chiedza chakawanda chisina kunanga, ambient humidity, uye inochengeterwa kure nekupisa. - Sei maruva achisvava mushure mekutenga?
Nekuda kwekuvhunduka kwekupisa pakati penzvimbo yekutenga (inotonhora nursery) uye imba (inodziya uye yakaoma), kana nekuda kwematambudziko ekudiridza. - Alpine Violet inogara kwenguva yakareba sei?
Kunyange zvazvo inowanzokura segore negore, inogona kugara kwemakore kana kutenderera kwayo uye kutarisirwa kunoremekedzwa. - Sei maruva ari kuita madiki?
Zvakajairika kuti maruva emhando yemaruva adzike sezvo girobhu rinokura, kunyanya kana rikasawana zororo rakakwana muzhizha. - Kungadyarwa mubindu here?
Hongu, nguva dzose mumumvuri kana semi-mumvuri uye munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa kubva kuchando chakanyanya.
Kutenda kwako kudzivirira kutonhora Nemaruva ayo anoshamisa mukati memwedzi apo mamwe marudzi ekushongedza akarara, iyo Alpine Violet ndiyo imwe yeakanakisa sarudzo kune avo vanotsvaga ruvara uye hupenyu mubindu kana mukati gore rose. Nekutevera matipi aya, unogona kunakidzwa nekuvapo kwayo gore negore, uchidzidza kurarama nerwiyo rwayo rwechisikigo uye nekuita zvakanyanya kunaka kwayo nekusiyana. Kana iwe uchifarira nyika yezvirimwa uye uchinakidzwa nekucherechedza kushanduka kwechirimwa mumwaka yose, cyclamen isarudzo pasina mubvunzo iyo inokupa mubairo nemaruva ane simba uye kunhuhwirira kusingakanganisike, kunyangwe pamazuva anotonhora zvakanyanya.
