Miti yemichero inoda kunyatsotarisirwa mumatsutso kuti vatsungirire tembiricha yakaderera, vazvidzivirire kubva kuzvirwere uye zvipembenene, uye kuvaka simba ravo kuti rive rakanyanya fruiting muchirimo chinotevera. Hupenyu hwemiti yemichero hunoshanduka zvakanyanya nekudonha kwekushisa uye kuderera kwemaawa emasikati, kutanga nzira yekuchengetedza simba uye kupinda mu dormancy. Kutora maitiro akakodzera panguva ino kuchaita kuti tastier michero uye miti ine hutano mukufamba kwenguva.
Sei zvakakosha kutarisira miti yemichero muvhuvhu?
Autumn inoratidza kutanga kwekuzorora kwepanyama nokuda kwemiti yemichero yakawanda inoonda. Mumwedzi iyi, miti inomira kushingaira kukura, asi inotarisa kutamisa zvinovaka muviri kubva kumashizha nematavi kusvika kumidzi uye hurongwa hwehuni, kuunganidza zvakachengetwa zvakakodzera zvechirimo budding uye maruva. Naizvozvo, chenjerera kuberekesa, kuchekerera, kudiridza, uye kudzivirira midzi panguva ino inokosha nokuda kwesimba rayo remangwana.
Mazano makuru ekutarisira miti yemichero muvhuvhu
Fertilization uye Strategic fertilization
La fertilization mumatsutso Zvakakosha kuti muti uunganidze zvicherwa zvakachengetwa chando chisati chasvika. Inokurudzirwa kushandisa organic kana kuti inononoka-kuburitsa mafetireza iyo inopa macronutrients senge potassium uye phosphorus, inodiwa pakusimba kwemidzi uye kudzivirira kutonhora. Zvakakosha kudzivirira fetereza yakakwira munitrogen panguva iyi, sezvo ichigona kukurudzira kukura kusingadiwi kunoita kuti ive panjodzi yechando.
Iwe unogona kuisa maworm castings, sifted compost, kana mineral fertilizer ine nitrogen uye yakawanda mu potassium. Pamiti inotumbuka isati yatungira, yakadai seprunus, tsika iyi yakatonyanya kukosha, sezvo simba rose remaruva ayo emangwana rinobva munzvimbo dzakachengetwa mukudonha.
Bvisa mashizha nemarara ezvirimwa kudzivirira zvirwere
Munguva yekuvhuvhuta, kudonha kwemashizha inzira yechisikigo, asi siya kuunganidza kukuru kwemashizha akanyorova Inogona kukurudzira kupararira kwefungi uye mabhakitiriya. Naizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa kuti utore uye ubvise mashizha akaomeswa akaunganidzwa, kunyanya kana achiratidza zviratidzo zvechirwere, uye ashandise kugadzira manyowa kana aine hutano.
Usakanganwa kubvisawo masora kumativi ehunde yemuti, sezvavanokwikwidzana nekudya uye vanogona kuchengetedza tupukanana.
Mulching uye kudzivirira midzi
Mulching inzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira miti yemichero mukudonha. Zvinosanganisira kushandisa layer ye layer ye organic matter (zvimedu zvemakwati, mashanga, manyowa akakura, shavings) pamusoro pemidzi yemuti. Iyi mulch inobatsira:
- Chengetedza unyoro pasi
- Deredza kushanduka kwekushisa, kuderedza njodzi yekukuvara kwechando.
- Deredza kukura kwesora.
- Kuvandudza kubereka kwevhu kwenguva refu.
Usati wavhara, tarisa kuti iyo ivhu harina kunyanyokombwaKana zvirizvo, nyatsosunungura uchishandisa forogo kana zvakafanana, kudzivirira kukuvadza pamusoro pemidzi.
Rongedza kudiridza zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze
Nekudonha kwekushisa uye kuwedzera kwehunyoro, kuwanda kwekudiridza kunofanira kuva kuderedzwa. Miti iri munzvimbo yezvinomera inoda mvura shoma, uye kudiridza zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kudzimwa kwemidzi uye zvirwere zvefungal. Kumiti yemichero muhari kana munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura shoma, a vhiki nevhiki kudiridza kwakadzika inowanzokwana, kuve nechokwadi kuti mvura inosvika pakadzika midzi.
Masisitimu akaita sedrip irrigation anonyanya kubatsira kuchengetedza mwando pasina mafashama. Zviri nani kuchengeta ivhu rakanyorova pane kuwedzera mvura.
Kukosha kwekuchekerera mumatsutso
Kuchekerera ndeimwe ye basa rekuchengetedza rakakosha yemiti yemichero panguva ino, kunyange zvazvo kusimba uye nguva chaiyo inosiyana zvichienderana nemhando. Chinangwa chikuru ndechokubvisa matavi akaoma, anorwara, akayambuka kana akakuvadzwa. Pamiti yemichero yakawanda, Kuchekerera kukuru kunochengeterwa nguva yechando, kana muti wacho wakarara zvachose, asi matsutso inguva yakanaka yekuchekerera kwehutsanana.
Dzivisa kuchekerera pamazuva ekunaya hunyoro hwepamusoro uye njodzi yechando, sezvo maronda aigona kutapukirwa. Nguva dzose shandisa zvigero zvakapinza, zvinouraya utachiona nemasaha kudzivirira kutapurirwa kwechirwere. Panyaya yemiti yemichero yakaita seapuro nemapeya miti, kuchekerera kwemaitiro kunobatsira kuenzanisa kugadzirwa uye kupenya kwekupinda.
Kudzora nekudzivirira zvipembenene nezvirwere
Autumn ndiyo nguva iyo vakawanda tupukanana twakura nemakonye zvinotsvaka pokugara pahunde nematavi. Miti yemichero yakadai sepeari, apuro, uye miti yepichisi inonyanya kubatwa nezvipembenene zvakadai seaphid uye mealybugs, pamwe chete nezvirwere zvefungal semashizha curl uye mottle.
Inokurudzirwa kushandisa mhangura-based preventive treatments Munguva yekudonha kwemashizha, kukurudzira kuporeswa kwemaronda madiki uye kudzikisira kuwanda kwefungi uye mabhakitiriya. Gara uchitarisa iyo chigadzirwa label kuti uve nechokwadi chekukodzera kune yega yega mhando uye uteedzere dosages inokurudzirwa.
Kuita kwakanaka bvisa michero yese yasara pamuti pamberi pechando chekutanga, miti yose ine utano uye yakakuvadzwa, kuti irege kuva chitubu chetachiona kana tupukanana munguva yechando.
Kuronga kudyara kutsva uye kudyara
Autumn, ine tembiricha yakapfava uye ivhu nyoro, ndiyo nguva yakakwana yeku dyarai miti yemichero mitsvaSarudza zvienzaniso zvine hutano uye ita shuwa yekuzvidyara munzvimbo yakashama, ine mvura. Chera gomba rakafara zvakapetwa kaviri sebhora remudzi uye chengetedza kora yemuti pamwe chete nevhu. Mvura zvakakwana mushure mekudyara uye wobva wawedzera mulch kudzivirira midzi.
Kuongorora zvakatipoteredza uye kudzivirira kubva kunotonhora
Nguva dzose tarisa mamiriro ose emiti yako, kubhadhara kune kukuvara, kuvapo kwefungus, kuputika mumakwati, kana zviratidzo zvekunetseka kwemvura. Munzvimbo dzinotonhora zvakanyanya kana idzo dziri panjodzi yechando chakanyanya, unogona kudzivirira hunde nekuisa insulating zvinhu kana kupenda chigadziko neraimu kudzivirira kuputika. Ivhara nheyo yehunde nezvinhu zvekudzivirira, kunyanya kana muti uri muduku.
Kunyatsotarisirwa maererano nerudzi rwemuti wemichero
- Apple uye Pear Miti: Prunei zvishoma mumatsutso, uchichengetedza kuchekerera kwakanyanya kweiyo dormancy yechando. Bvisa matavi akare kuti akurudzire michero yakakura.
- Cherry uye Plum Miti: Zvakanakisisa kuchekerera muzhizha, asi bvisa mapazi akafa kana ane chirwere mumatsutso. Dzivisa kuchekerera zvakanyanya mumwaka uno.
- Peach uye Apricot Miti: Vanoda kuchekerera zvakanyanya kuvhura kanopi uye kubvisa matavi asingabereki.
- Citrus: Usaite kuchekerera kukuru mukuwa, sezvo miti yemichero iyi inowanzobereka muchero mumwedzi inotonhora uye inoda matavi anoshanda.
Physiology yemuti wemichero mumatsutso uye mukati maitiro
Munguva yekudonha, miti yemichero Vanotakura kudya uye shuga kubva pamashizha awo kusvika kuhuni dzawo nemidzi yawo kuti urarame muchando. Chlorophyll inoshatisa, ichibvumira mamwe mavara kuti aonekwe uye anopa mashizha mavara avo ekumatsutso. Idzi shanduko dzemukati dzinotsanangura kukosha kwekudzivirira kuchekerera zvakanyanya uye kusimbisa chikafu panguva ino.
Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa uye nyaya dzinokosha maererano nekugadzirisa kudonha
- Zvinokurudzirwa here kuisa fetereza muvhuvhu? Inokurudzirwa kushandisa organic fertilizer kana pasi-nitrogen fertilizer, inotarisa potassium uye phosphorus kusimbisa midzi.
- Nguva yekudiridza miti yemichero ichangobva kusimwa? Pakarepo mushure mekudyara uye vhiki nevhiki kana kusina kunaya, kukurudzira midzi.
- Zvakachengeteka here kushandisa mashizha akadonha semulch? Hongu, kana vasingaratidzi zviratidzo zvechirwere. Mashizha anorwara anofanira kubviswa kudzivirira kupararira kwefungi uye mabhakitiriya.
- Ndeipi nguva yekushandisa phytosanitary treatments? Nguva yakanakisa yekushandisa inguva uye mushure mekudonha kweshizha, gara uchitevera kurudziro yechigadzirwa uye kushandisa kana mashizha aenda 50-75%.
- Nzira yekudzivirira sei kupinda kwezvirwere? Kuchengeta nharaunda yakachena, kubvisa tsvina yezvirimwa, nekuisa zvisimbiso pakuchekerera maronda.
Kugadziriswa kwebindu uye zviito zvinopindirana
Mukuwedzera kune kutarisirwa kwakananga kwemiti yemichero, yakanaka chengeta bindu rakachena, bvisa mashizha akadonha, matavi nemichero, kuronga kudyara kana kutamiswa kwemiriwo inoda kutonhora kwemamiriro okunze, uye kuronga kuiswa kwekudzivirira kwemhepo nechando.
Kugara uchitarisisa, kurekodha zviitiko, uye kutarisira mamiriro ekunze asina kunaka zvinovimbisa muti wemichero wakasimba uye unobereka gore negore. Kutarisira kunotsanangurwa, kunoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemarudzi ega ega uye mamiriro ekunze, kuchawedzera mikana yekubudirira mumagadheni emumaguta nemaruwa.
Kutora nguva mukudonha kuti usimbise hutano hwemiti yako yemichero kunozokonzera kukohwa kwakawanda uye kune hutano. Chinokosha kunzwisisa kutenderera kwehupenyu hwemuti wega wega, kugadzirisa kuchekerera, kuisa fetereza, kudiridza, nekudzivirira kuedza, nekuchengetedza hunyanzvi hwekutarisira kutarisira chero matambudziko. Nenzira iyi, miti ichakutendai nekuda kwekupuruzira uku nekuputika kwemichero uye hupenyu muchirimo chinotevera.