Complete Guide Kuyera uye Kugadzirisa Ivhu pH: Nzira, Dudziro, uye Solutions

Kuyera pH yevhu Inzira yakakosha kune chero munhu anofarira kurima, kurima gadheni, kana kurima, ingave yehunyanzvi kana sebasa rekuzvivaraidza. Kuziva dhigirii yevhu acidity kana alkalinity inobvumira hunyanzvi hwekutonga agronomic, inobatsira optimize kutorwa kwechikafu nezvinomera uye zvinozvibatsira kuti zvikure kusvika pakukwanisa kwazvinoita. Uyezve, kunzwisisa uye kudzora pH kunobatsira kudzivirira matambudziko akadai semunyu muchetura, kushomeka kwekudya, kana kuomerwa nekumera kwechirimwa uye kukura.

Chii chinonzi ivhu pH uye nei yakakosha?

El ivhu pH inotaridza huwandu hwemaion ehydrogen ari muchikamu chemvura chevhu, icho chinotaridza acidity kana alkalinity yaro. pH chiyero Inotangira pa0 kusvika pa14, ne7 ichive iyo yakakosha kukosha. Mitemo isingasviki 7 inoratidza ivhu asidhi, nepo kukosha kukuru kudarika 7 kunoenderana nevhu basic kana alkaline.

• Acid pH: anosvika zana
• neutral pH: 7
• Alkaline pH: Kubva 7.5

Ichi chiratidzo chakakosha, sezvo chinopesvedzera zvese zvipenyu uye makemikari maitiro muvhu. Ivhu rakanyatsogadzikana pH rinovimbisa nzvimbo yakakwana yezvirimwa. anobatsira microorganisms, inovandudza chimiro chevhu uye inogadzirisa kuwanikwa kwezvinovaka muviri zvakakosha pakukura kwechirimwa.

Zvinhu zvinokanganisa ivhu pH

Ivhu pH harina kukosha uye rinogona kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Pakati pe zvinhu zvikuru zvinoichinja ndivo:

• Zvinhu zvevabereki: Dombo remubereki kana zvinhu zvepakutanga zvevhu zvinonyanya kutarisisa maitiro ayo echisikigo kune acidic kana alkaline pH.
• Mamiriro ekunze: Huwandu hwekunaya kwemvura, madiridziro, tembiricha pamwe nechiedza chezuva zvinogona kushandura kuyerera kwemunyu nemamineral, zvichikanganisa pH.
• Agronomic maitiro: Kushandiswa kwefetereza, mamendment, organic fetereza uye mhando yemvura inoshandiswa pakudiridzira (mvura yakaoma kana yakapfava) zvinokanganisa pH.
• Mineralization ye organic matter: Iyo yekuparara kwemarara yezvirimwa inoburitsa asidhi kana mabhesi anogona kushandura pH.
• Kuvapo kweimwe munyu: Nekuda kwemaitiro echisikigo kana kuwedzerwa kwemafetiraiza uye zvigadziriso, mamwe mamunyu anogona kusimudza kana kudzikisa pH.

Pamusoro pezvo, pH inogona kusiyanisa gore rose, kunyanya muvhu rakarimwa, saka zvinokurudzirwa kutora zviyero zvenguva nenguva kutarisa kushanduka kwayo.

Kukanganisa kwepH pazvirimwa uye kuwanikwa kwekudya kunovaka muviri

Chiyero che acidity kana alkalinity yevhu inotarisa kuti ndezvipi zvinomera zvinogona kukura zvakajairika uye zvisingagoneRudzi rwechirimwa rwega rwega rune optimal pH range; kunze kwezvinokosha izvi, iyo kunwa kwehutano inokanganiswa. Somuenzaniso, the micronutrients zvakadai sesimbi, manganese, zingi uye mhangura zvinowanzove zvishoma kuwanikwa muvhu realkaline, nepo aluminium uye manganese chepfu inogona kuonekwa muvhu rine acidic.

Tafura inotevera inotsanangura yakanakira pH siyana kumapoka akasiyana ezvirimwa:

• Asidhi pH (pasi pe6): Yakanakira blueberries, azaleas, rhododendrons, camellias, heathers, hydrangeas, uye fuchsias. Zvizhinji zvezvinomera izvi acidophilic.
• pH iri pedyo nekusarerekera (6.5 - 7): Inokodzera zviyo, miriwo uye miti yemichero yakawanda.
• Alkaline pH (pamusoro pe7): Zvimwe zvirimwa zvakaita sealfafa nespinachi zvinoshingirira zviri nani.

Kutadza kugadzirisa pH kune zvinodiwa nechirimwa kunogona kukonzera kushomeka kwechikafu, chlorosis (yellow mashizha), kusakura zvakanaka, kana kufa kwechirimwa. Naizvozvo, varimi vazhinji nevarimi vebindu vanotarisisa kune iyi parameter pakusarudza mhando kana kugadzira zvirongwa zvekubereka. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwekuita sei shandura pH yevhu, unogona kushanyira chikamu chedu pane chaiwo matekiniki.

Nzira dzekuyera ivhu pH

Pane nzira dzakasiyana-siyana Kuyera ivhu pH, kubva kune inokwanisika nzira dzekumba kuenda kune dzakanyatsojeka marabhoritari maitiro. Pasi apa, tinotsanangura nzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa uye maitiro avo makuru.

Homemade nzira nevhiniga uye kubika soda

• White vhiniga: Paunenge uchiwedzera vhiniga kune sampuli yevhu, kana iwe ukacherekedza kutumbuka, inoratidza alkaline pH. Kuti uwane kuyerwa kwakanyatsojeka, ona chinyorwa chedu pa kushandisa pH metres.
• Sodium bicarbonate: Kana effervescence ichionekwa paunoiwedzera (mushure mekunyorovesa ivhu nemvura yakasvibiswa), ivhu rine acidic.
• Dudziro Kana bvunzo dzisati dzaburitsa mhinduro, ivhu rinogona kunge risina kwarakarerekera kana pedyo nekurerekera.

Iyi nzira inoratidza uye inobatsira pakuenzanisa kwekutanga, kunyange zvazvo kunyatsojeka kwayo kune zvishoma.

Nzira ine pH mitsetse kana pH kits

• Sakanidza chikamu chimwe chevhu nechikamu chimwe chemvura yakasvibiswa uye fambisa zvakanaka.
• Rega musanganiswa ugare kwemaminitsi mashomanana.
• Nyura pH chiratidzo tambo uye enzanisa ruvara rwakawanikwa nechiyero chakapihwa nekiti.

Iyi nzira ndeyechokwadi kupfuura yapfuura uye inokurudzirwa zvakanyanya yekutarisa pH nekukurumidza uye nehupfumi.

Nyanzvi uye marabhoritari nzira

Kune akajairwa maitiro, akadai seaya anosanganisirwa mune tekinoroji mirau ye pH kutsunga (UNE 77305):

1. Tora masampuli evhu anomiririra kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenzvimbo.
2. Kuyera 20 g yemuenzaniso uye sanganisa ne 50 ml yemvura yakasvibiswa (chiyero 1: 2,5).
3. Kuzunungusa nesimba kwemaminetsi maviri uye rega kumira kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu.
4. Pima iyo pH mune supernatant ine pH mita, chiratidzo tambo kana pH kit.

Kune zvirimwa zvehunyanzvi, zvakajairika kushandisa, mamwe ane maelectrode akakosha anobvumira kuyerwa kwakananga muvhu rakanyorova, pasina kudiwa kwekutanga kugadzirira kwemuenzaniso.

Zvinokurudzirwa zvesampling

• Tora sampuli kubva kunzvimbo dzinoverengeka mumunda wemichero kana mubindu (10-15 cm yakadzika yezvirimwa zvakarimwa muvhu, 5-10 cm muhari).
• Dzivisa nzvimbo dziri pedyo nenzira, madziro, kana mafetireza achangoburwa kudzivirira kukanganisa.
• Sanganisa sampuli zvakanaka kuti uwane mubatanidzwa uye mumiriri muenzaniso.
• Nguva dzose shandisa mvura yakasvibiswa yekuedza, sezvo mvura yepombi inogona kukanganisa migumisiro.

Kumba uye nehunyanzvi maitiro ekuongorora ivhu pH

Homemade nhanho-nhanho nzira

1. Unganidza mienzaniso: Shandisa foshoro kutora sampuli dzakawanda, uchiunganidza hudzamu hwevhu hunosvika 10 kusvika ku15 cm. Zvinokurudzirwa kutora samples kubva kunzvimbo dzinoverengeka dziri kure kuti uwane mufananidzo chaiwo weavhareji pH.
2. Gadzirira ivhu: Bvisa chero tsvina yemidzi, matombo, uye zvirimwa. Omesa sampuli zvinyoronyoro kana yakanyorova zvakanyanya.
3. Sanganisa nemvura yakasvibiswa: Isa muenzaniso mumudziyo wakachena, wedzera mvura yakadirwa yakakwana kuti ivhare ivhu, uye kurunga musanganiswa zvakanaka.
4. Ngatisimuke: Mirira maminetsi mashomanana kuti zviome zvigadzikane.
5. Edza vhiniga uye kubika soda: Ita bvunzo yekutanga nekupatsanura sampu muzvikamu zviviri, kuwedzera vhiniga kune chimwe chikamu uye kubheka pasoda kune imwe, uye nekucherechedza kubhuroka. Iwe unogona ipapo kuwana chiyero chakaringana nepH mitsetse, uchiinyudza mune supernatant.

Professional analysis

• Kugadzirira zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi zviyero: Shandisa chiyero chinoratidzwa nehunyanzvi (semuenzaniso, 1: 2.5 ivhu-mvura) uye sanganisa mubeaker kana mugaba usina mbereko.
• Kushandisa digital metres: Isai electrode mumhinduro yakasvibiswa uye kumirira kuti kuverenga kugadzikane. Mimwe michina inobvumira kuyerwa kwakananga muvhu, chero kunyorova, zvichiita kuti maitiro ave nyore uye achipa mhedzisiro yekukurumidza.

Dudziro yemhedzisiro uye optimal ranges zvinoenderana nezvirimwa

Mushure mekuyera pH yevhu, zvakakosha kududzira nemazvo zvabuda kuti usarudze pane zvinogona kugadziriswa.

• pH isingasviki 6,5: Ivhu rine acidic. Inokodzera zvirimwa zve acidophilic, asi inogona kukonzera kushomeka muzvirimwa zvakajairika.
• pH iri pakati pe6,5 ne7: Ivhu risina kwarakarerekera. Yakanakira zvirimwa zvakawanda.
• pH yakakura kupfuura 7: Alkaline ivhu. Inokodzera zvirimwa zvebasophilic; kune njodzi yekushomeka kwemicronutrient.

Kuti uwane sarudzo chaiyo yezvirimwa nevhu, unogona kufarira kubvunza peji ino nezve kukosha kwevhu pH mumiti.

Maitiro ekushandura ivhu pH: maitiro ekudzikisa kana kusimudza pH

Nzira yekudzikisa sei pH yevhu re alkaline?

Kana ivhu rako rakanyanya alkaline uye iwe unofanirwa kuita kuti riwedzere acidic, pane akati wandei maitiro:

• Sulfur powder kana granules: Ndiyo imwe yenzira dzinoshanda uye dzinogara kwenguva refu dzekuisa acidifying ivhu. Mhedzisiro yaro inononoka uye inogara kwenguva refu, kunyangwe zvingatora 4 kusvika 8 mwedzi kuti inyatsoonekwa. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda, shanyira peji redu pa maitiro ekugadzirisa ivhu pH.
• Asidi organic zvinhu: Kuwedzera manyowa, blond peat, kana pine bark compost zvishoma nezvishoma zvinogona kuita acidify ivhu uye kugadzirisa chimiro chayo.
• Iron sulphate: Inobatsira kune acidophilic zvirimwa, kunyanya kana iron chlorosis ikaonekwa.
• Aluminium sulfate: Inokurumidza, asi inofanira kushandiswa nekuchenjerera uye chete muvhu rine organic zvinhu zvakakwana.

Paunenge uchidiridza kazhinji nemvura yakaoma kana yeraimu, funga kuisa acidifying mvura yekudiridza ne citric acid kana vhiniga uye nekuwedzera chelated trace elements kutsiva chero kukanganisa. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekuchengetedza ivhu, tarisa mazano edu.

Nzira yekusimudza sei pH yevhu rine acidic?

Muivhu rine acidic zvakanyanya (pH iri pasi pe6), zvimwe zvirimwa zvinogona kusakura zvakanaka. Heino nzira yekusimudza pH:

• pasi limestone: Mwaya uye sanganisa mari inokurudzirwa muvhu, zvichienderana nehuwandu hweacidity. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekuwedzera pH. Kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti ungazviita sei, tarisa kuchinja sei ivhu pH.
• Madota ehuni: Vanopa potassium uye vanowedzera alkalinity, kunyange zvazvo maitiro avo angave asina kukwana.
• Dheko remazai rakapwanyika: Inopa calcium carbonate, kunyange zvazvo chiito chayo chiri kunonoka zvikuru.
• Mvura yekudiridza yakaoma: Kuramba uchidiridza nemvura yakaoma kazhinji inowedzera pH ye substrate nekufamba kwenguva.

Zvakakosha kuita shanduko idzi zvishoma nezvishoma uye nekuyera nguva nenguva kudzivirira kusaenzana kunogona kukanganisa zvirimwa zvako.

Kukanganisa kwakajairika, mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa, uye matipi ekubudirira

• Kusatora mienzaniso yakakwana: Rangarira kuti pH inogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yenyika kuenda kune imwe, kunyangwe munzvimbo diki.
• Shandisa mvura yemupombi pakuyera: Nguva dzose shandisa mvura yakasvibiswa kudzivirira kukanganisa.
• Kusiiwa kwe organic matter: Kugara uchiwedzera kwe organic matter hakungogadzirisi chimiro chevhu chete, asiwo kunobatsira kudzikamisa pH pamusoro penguva refu.
• Tarisira mhinduro pakarepo: Kunyanya mupH-kugadzirisa marapirwo, maitiro acho anowanzo kunonoka uye anoda moyo murefu uye kutarisa.

Kana pane kusava nechokwadi pamusoro pekududzirwa kwekuongorora kana chirongwa chakakodzera chekugadzirisa, bvunza a nyanzvi yezvekurima o nyanzvi mazano kuti ugamuchire kurudziro yakasarudzika zvichienderana nehunhu hwemunda wako nezvirimwa.

Iva ne ruzivo rwakanaka rwevhu pH Inobvumira kusarudzwa kuri nani kwezvipenyu kuti zvikure, zvinogonesa kushandiswa kwefetereza uye zvigadziriso, uye kudzivirira matambudziko nekushaikwa kwekudya kunovaka muviri kana muchetura. Kugara uchiyera uye kugadzirisa kunobatsira mukurima uye kubudirira kwegadheni, mungave muminda yemichero, magadheni emudhorobha, kana zvirimwa zvemumunda, nekusimudzira kukura kwezvirimwa zvine hutano uye kuwedzera goho. Kutora nguva yekutarisa pH nekugadzirisa ivhu ndiro danho rekutanga kuenda kune hutano uye zvirimwa zvinobereka zvakawanda.