Ivhu pH Icho chinhu chakakosha mukurima gadheni, kurima uye kugadzira nzvimbo, sezvo inosarudza iyo acidity kana alkalinity ye substrate inokura zvirimwa. Iyi pfuma inokanganisa kuwanikwa kwekudya kwakakosha uye, naizvozvo, simba uye utano hwezvirimwa, minda yemichero, nemapindu. Kunzwisisa kuyera, kugadzirisa, uye kuchengetedza pH mukati meiyo chiyero chakakosha pakuwedzera goho uye kudzivirira kushomeka kana chepfu muzvirimwa.
Chii chinonzi ivhu pH uye nei yakakosha?
Ivhu pH Chiyero che acidity yayo kana alkalinity, pachiyero chinotangira pa 0 (yakanyanya acidic) kusvika ku14 (yakanyanya alkaline), ne7 ichive yakakosha. A pH iri pasi pe7 inoratidza acidic substrate, nepo tsika dziri pamusoro pe7 dzinoratidza alkalinity.
pH inokanganisa zvakananga kuwanikwa kwekudya zvakadai senitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, uye mamwe ma micronutrients. Kana ivhu rakanyanya acidic kana alkaline, zvirimwa zvinogona kutambura nekushomeka kwekudya kunovaka muviri kana muchetura, zvichikonzera kusakura zvakanaka, chlorosis, uye kuderera kwekugadzirwa.
Somuenzaniso, zvirimwa zvakadai seazaleas, blueberries, rhododendrons uye conifers Vanoda ivhu rine acidic (pH 5.0 kusvika 5.5), nepo miriwo mizhinji, patsangadzi uye miti yekushongedza inokura zvakanaka muivhu rine mwero asidhi kana kwarakarerekera (pH 5.8 kusvika 6.5). Ivhu rakarurama pH Zvakakosha kuwana mamiriro akakodzera emhando imwe neimwe.
pH siyana uye maitiro avo pazvirimwa
| pH range | Kurongwa | Descripcion |
|---|---|---|
| <4.5 | Yakanyanya acidic | Inotadzisa kukura, inovhara chikafu. |
| 4.5 - 5.5 | Acid | Inokodzera zvidyarwa zve acidophilic seblueberries, mbatatisi, azaleas. |
| 5.6 - 6.5 | acidic zvishoma | Yakanakira zvirimwa zvakawanda zvekurima uye zvekushongedza. |
| 6.6 - 7.3 | Kusarerekera | Yakanakira miriwo uye maruva akawanda. |
| 7.4 - 8.4 | Alkaline zvishoma | Phosphorus uye micronutrient kushomeka kunogona kuitika. |
| 8.5 - 9.0 | Alkaline | Dambudziko revhu; zvirimwa zvizhinji zvinotadza kubudirira. |
| > 9.0 | Yakanyanya alkaline | Dambudziko remunyu; inoda kururamiswa kwakasimba. |
Zvimwe zvinomera zvakadai hydrangea, camellia, gardenia, heather uye fuchsia mwanakomana acidophilic uye zvinoda ivhu rine acidic, nepo mamwe akadai sehuswa, mupunga, uye mimwe miriwo inoshivirira kana kusarudza ivhu realkaline. Kana iwe uchida kuwedzera ruzivo rwako, unogona kushanya Nzira yekuchengetedza sei phalaenopsis orchid? kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve pH kutarisira muzvirimwa zvakasiyana.
Zvinhu zvinokonzera ivhu pH
Ivhu pH rinokonzerwa ne:
- Zvinhu zvevabereki zvakabva ivhu (matombo ekutanga anopa pH yakakwira, matombo ane acidic anogadzira ivhu rine acidic).
- Huwandu hwekunaya kwemvura uye mvura, iyo inodonha mabhesi akadai secalcium uye magnesium uye inotsiva iwo neasidhi zvinhu (aruminiyamu nesimbi).
- Kushandiswa kwefetereza (kunyanya iyo ine ammonium kana urea, iyo acidify ivhu).
- Kuparara kwe organic matter uye microbial chiitiko.
Nzvimbo dzakanyorova uye dzine mwero inowanzoita ivhu rine acidic, nepo nzvimbo dzakaoma kana mvura shoma dzine ivhu realkaline rakawanda. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani kuti izvi zvinokanganisa sei zvidyarwa zvako, tinokurudzira nzira yekuyera ivhu pH.
Nzira yekuyera sei ivhu pH
Usati wagadzirisa chero chipi zvacho, zvakakosha kuyera pH na a mita yemagetsi, test strips, kana kuongorora murabhoritari kuona kukosha chaiko uye kusarudza kurapwa kwakakodzera. Iwe unogona kutora masampula madiki kubva kune akasiyana mapoinzi mumunda, woasanganisa, uye woaongorora kuti uwane kukosha kwemumiriri.
Iko kune zvakare Homemade nzira: Isa imwe ivhu mumudziyo uye uwedzere vhiniga; kana ichitubuka, ingangove ivhu recalcareous (alkaline).
Nzira dzekuwedzera ivhu pH (yakarurama acidic ivhu)
Kugadzirisa acidic pH inozivikanwa se "liming"Pane zvinhu zvakasiyana uye matekiniki:
- Limestone yakapwanyika: Ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kushandiswa. Kubudirira kwayo kunowedzera nekukuya kwakanaka. Kune ivhu rejecha, zvishoma zvinodiwa pane ivhu revhu.
- Mhando dze limestone kusarudza kubva:
- Kupfapfaidza: Kukurumidza kuita, asi kunogona kuita guruva.
- Granulated kana pelletized: zviri nyore kuisa uye kashoma kuvhara michina yekudiridza.
- Hydrated: Iine simba, inofanira kushandiswa nekuchenjerera.
- Wood madota: Vanopa potassium necalcium, kunyanya inobatsira muvhu rejecha. Dzivisa kusangana zvakananga nemidzi kana madzinde. Usashandise marasha madota, sezvo inogona kuwedzera acidity.
- Kurimwa kwekurima y basalt hupfu: Inobatsira kune ivhu revhu kana ivhu rine matambudziko esodium.
La Kunyorera kunofanira kuitwa mwedzi isati yadyarwaNenzira yakanaka, izvi zvinofanira kuitwa mumatsutso kana muchando kuti zvibvumire nguva yekuita kemikari. Kunyorova kwevhu kunofarira kuita kwezvimiro zvekuisa liming.
Nzira dzekudzikisa ivhu pH (yakarurama alkaline ivhu)
Zvimwe zvirimwa zvinoda ivhu rine acidic kana zvishoma. Kudzikisa pH yevhu realkaline kwakaoma pane kukwidza pH yeadhi., asi kune maitiro anoshanda:
- Poda sarufaMhedzisiro yaro inononoka (inogona kutora mwedzi) asi inoshanda, sezvo inoshandurwa kuva sulfuric acid nemabhakitiriya muvhu. Inofanira kuiswa uye ivhu rinochengetwa rakanyorova kukurudzira kuita.
- Aluminium sulfate: Chiito chayo chinokurumidza uye chinonyanya kushandiswa kune zvipenyu zvakaita se hydrangeas. Usapfuure muyero unokurudzirwa kuti udzivise chepfu.
- Iron sulphate: Inogadzirisa pH uye inopa iron, inobatsira kurwisa iron chlorosis.
- Blond peat: Iine acidic pH uye inoshandiswa yakasanganiswa mu substrate yehari kana flowerbeds.
- Organic zvinhu: Kompositi, manyowa kana zvisaririra zvechirimwa zvinobatsira kuita kuti ivhu riwedzere acid uye kupa chikafu.
- Iron chelates: Yakakosha kune acidophilic zvirimwa muvhu recalcareous, vanokurumidza kugadzirisa chlorosis.
Muivhu rine alkaline zvakanyanya, zvingangove zvakafanira kudzokorora maapplication mwaka wega wega, sezvo mhedzisiro yacho inenge isisaite nekufamba kwenguva. Kudiridza ne calcareous mvura Inosimudzawo pH, saka inokurudzirwa kuisa acidify mvura yekudiridza ine citric acid yezvirimwa zvinoda iyo.
Zvinokurudzirwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechirimwa
- Acidophilus: Azalea, rhododendron, camellia, gardenia, heather, hydrangea, fuchsia, blueberry. Shandisa acidic substrates uye kugadzirisa.
- Uswa uye mupunga: Alkaline ivhu inogona kugamuchirwa. Kuvandudza chimiro ne organic matter.
- Miriwo, miti yemichero nehuswa: Vanosarudza zvishoma acidic kana kusarerekera pH. Gara uchitarisa uye gadzirisa zvidiki kana zvichidikanwa.
Kuwanda uye kuwanda kwekushandiswa kwevanovanza
- limestone: Pakati pe150-250 g/m² zvichienderana nemhando yevhu uye yekutanga pH kukosha.
- Sarufa: Pakati pe30 ne50 g/m², inobatanidza zvakanaka mukati meiyo yepamusoro.
- Chelates uye sulfates: Tevera mirairo yechigadzirwa, kudzivirira kuwandisa kunogona kukonzera chepfu.
- Gore negore sampling uye kuongorora: Zvakakosha kudzokorora bvunzo gore rega rega, kunyanya kana zvigadziriso zvichiitwa.
Kutarisira ivhu kwakaringana pH ndiyo hwaro hwezvirimwa zvine hutano uye zvinobereka zvibereko. Kuziva uye kushandiswa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa zvinobvumira iyo substrate kuti igadziriswe kune iyo zvinodiwa chaizvo zvechirimwa chimwe nechimweNenzira iyi, unogona kunakidzwa nebindu rakasvibirira kana munda wemichero, kudzivirira kushomeka kwekudya, uye kuwana goho rakawanda uye rine hutano, zvese uchichengetedza chiyero chemakemikari evhu kwenguva refu.
