La anthocyanosis chirimwa mamiriro anogona kukonzera kushanduka ruvara pamashizha, pamwe chete nezvimwe zviratidzo zvine chokuita neklorophyll. Inowanzo kuvhiringika nemamwe matambudziko emuviri, asi chaizvo nekuda kwe kusaenzana mumazinga eanthocyanin mumiti. Mushonga uyu, uyo wakanyanya kukosha kune ruvara rwemaruva nemashizha, unogona kuburitsa mamwe matsvuku, bhuruu uye violet tones zvichienderana nepH yezvakatipoteredza.
Chiitiko ichi chinoonekwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa, asi zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise kuti zvinokanganisa sei chirimwa chimwe nechimwe uye zvatingaite kudzivirira kana kugadzirisa mhedzisiro yacho. Muchinyorwa chino chese, tichazeya hunhu hweanthocyanosis, kuti tingaizive sei, uye matanho api atingatora kuchengetedza zvirimwa zvedu.
Chii chinonzi anthocyanosis?
Anthocyanosis zvinoreva kuratidzwa kwemuviri kwekuunganidza zvakanyanya anthocyanins pamashizha emuti. Anthocyanins ma pigment emhuri ye flavonoid uye ane mutoro kune tsvuku, yepepuru uye yebhuruu mavara mumiti yakawanda. Kana mavara aya akaungana, anogona kukonzera mashizha kuita tsvuku kana pepuru, kunyanya pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza senge. kutonhora kutonhora o kushushikana kwekudya.
Ichi chiitiko chinowanzoonekwa mumhando dzakadai se Avena sativa (oats), uyewo mu zvimwe zvinomera zvekushongedza. Kuchinja kwemavara emashizha chiratidzo chekuti chirimwa chiri kusangana neimwe mhando yekushushikana kana kuti metabolism yayo iri kuchinjwa.
Anthocyanins uye basa ravo mumiti
ari anthocyanins Iwo akakosha makomisheni mumiti inoshanda zvakanyanya se pigment. Zvisinei, basa rayo harina kuganhurirwa kuruvara chete. Anthocyanins inobatsirawo kudzivirira zvirimwa kubva mumwaranzi ye ultraviolet uye oxidative kukuvara. Mukuwedzera kune basa ravo rekudzivirira, vane basa rekudzivirira, sezvo ruvara rwavo rwakanyanya runogona kukwezva mapollinator kana kudzivirira zvimwe herbivores.
Pasi pemamiriro akakodzera, anthocyanins ari muyero mukati mechirimwa. Nekudaro, nekusakwana tembiricha, pH uye zvimwe zvakatipoteredza, iyo metabolism inoshandurwa, uye isu tinotanga kuona zvakajairwa zviratidzo zveanthocyanosis, senge. kushanduka kwemashizha.
Anthocyanidins akasiyana
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze anthocyanidins, ayo ari aglycone mafomu eanthocyanins. Mhando yega yega yeanthocyanidin inoburitsa mavara akasiyana-siyana mumiti. Pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa tichawana:
- Cyanidin: Inoburitsa toni tsvuku kana pepuru mumiti.
- Delphinidin: Inoenderana ne bluish tones mumiti.
- Malvidina: Kuzvidavirira kwe mavara epepuru mumaruva nemichero.
- Pelargonidine: Inoburitsa mavara orenji kana salmon.
Musayendisiti Richard Willstätter yaive yekutanga kutsanangura kuti shanduko mupH ingakanganisa sei hue yeanthocyanins. Zvichienderana nekuti nharaunda yaive yakawanda acidic kana yakawanda alkaline, anthocyanins inogona kuchinja ruvara, zvichiita kuti iite tsvuku, ruvara rwepepuru kana bluish toni dzatinowanzoona mumiti inobatwa neanthocyanosis.
Zvirimwa zvakakanganiswa neanthocyanosis
Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Mokkie
La anthocyanosis Inowanikwa mumarudzi akawanda emiti. Zvimwe zvinonyanya kukanganiswa zvinosanganisira:
- Avena sativa (ornamental oats), iyo inokurumidza kuratidza zviratidzo zvemavara.
- Zvibereko zvakaita blueberry and the Cherry, iyo inopa kuunganidzwa kunoshamisa kweanthocyanins.
- Ornamental zvinomera zvakadai pelargonium y Dahlia, iyo inovandudza mavara akanyanya kusimba nekuda kwekukwira kweanthocyanins.
Mune izvi nemimwe zvirimwa, anthocyanosis inowanzoitika kana zvirimwa zvichiratidzwa kushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza, zvakadai sekugara kwenguva refu kuchando, kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri kana kusakwana kwezuva.
Mhedzisiro yeanthocyanosis pachirimwa immune system
Sezvineiwo, the anthocyanins vanoita kunge vane hukama hwakananga nekuchengetedzwa kwe immune system zvezvirimwa. Ongororo dzakasiyana dzakaratidza kuti nguva dzose kushandiswa kwemichero yakapfuma mu anthocyanins, zvakadai seblueberries kana mazambiringa, zvinogona kuvandudza kudzivirirwa kwemuviri. Mumiti, anthocyanins ine simba rakafanana, inobatsira kuvandudza kupikisa kwavo kumamiriro ezvinhu akaipa.
Nekudaro, kuwanda kwekuvaka kunogona kukuvadza sezvo kuchikanganisa photosynthesis uye mamwe maitiro anokosha mumashizha.
Kazhinji, zvinomera zvinogadzira anthocyanins semhinduro yekudzivirira kumhando dzakasiyana dze kushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza, uye nepo mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu aya anobatsira, kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanyanya kuipa, chirimwa hachigone kubata chivakwa uye chinokanganiswa neanthocyanosis.
Nzira yekudzivirira uye kubata anthocyanosis
Kudzivirira zvirimwa kubva pakukura anthocyanosis, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti mamiriro ekukura anogara ari iwo zvakakwana uye zvakaenzana. Mamwe mazano anogona kubatsira kudzivirira kutanga kwechirwere ichi anosanganisira:
- Ipa chiedza chezuva chakakwana, sezvo kushayikwa kwaro kunogona kutungamirira kuchinjwa anthocyanin metabolism.
- Ita shuwa kuti chirimwa chinowana mugove wakaringana we zvinovaka muviri, kunyanya potassium, iyo inoita basa rakakosha mukuita.
- Dzivisa chando kana tembiricha yakaderera zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuunganidzwa kweanthocyanins mumashizha.
Kana chirimwa chavepo anthocyanosis, zvakakosha kupindira nekukurumidza. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwenyaya yacho, unogona kuedza kugadzirisa ivhu pH kana kupa a chakanyanya chekudya chekuwedzera.
Anthocyanosis chinhu chinonakidza icho, kunyangwe chingaite sechakanyanya, kazhinji chiratidzo chekuti chirimwa chiri kuedza kuzvidzivirira. Kuziva zviratidzo nekukurumidza uye kugadzirisa zvinodiwa kumamiriro ekunze kunogona kubatsira zvirimwa kupora uye kuramba zvichikura zvakasimba uye zvine hutano. Gara uchiyeuka kuongorora zvinhu zvakaita sechiedza, pH uye zvinovaka muviri, izvo zvakakosha kudzivirira rudzi urwu rwekusaenzana.