Achiote: hunhu, hanya uye nezvimwe

Achiote chirimwa chakazara chose: ine kukosha kukuru kwazvo kwekushongedza, sezvo ichikwanisawo kurimwa zvisina kujeka muhari nemuvhu, ndeyekurapa uye zvekudya. Kunze kwaizvozvo, kuchengetwa kwayo kuri nyore uye kuwanda kwayo kuchikurumidza.

Chii chimwe chaungakumbira? Ifaira inokuudza zvese nezvake? Zvakanaka ipapo. 

Mavambo uye hunhu hweachiote

Yedu protagonist ndeyegreen shrub yakaberekerwa kumatunhu epakati peAmerica ane zita resainzi bixa orellana. Sezvo zita iro zvimwe risingakuudze chero chinhu, ini ndiri kuzokuudza izvo zvinowanzozivikanwa: açafroa, urucú, onoto, bija, benis uyezve achiote. Inosvika pakureba kwemamita 2-4, ichikwanisa kusvika 6m. Korona yaro yakadzikira uye yakatambanudzwa, uye hunde yacho iri shava muvara. Iwo matavi akaderera pasi pevhu.

Mashizha ari nyore, akakura muhukuru (6-27 x 4-19cm), aine mvere, petiolate, green margins. Maruva acho anowanikwa mumasumbu ekupedzisira epanicles, akareba 5-10cm, uye ari hermaphroditic., ndiko kuti, ine zvikamu zvechirume (stamens) uye zvikamu zvevakadzi (kushorwa uye ovules ane mazai). Aya anopenya kana machena, zvinoenderana nezvakasiyana, uye kuyera kusvika 3cm kusvika pa6cm.

Chibereko chitsvuku kapisi, 2 kusvika 6cm kureba, rakafukidzwa nevhudzi rakakora uye rakapetana, rakasvibira rakasvibira kusvika kune ruvara rwepepuru zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana. Kana yaibva, inoshanduka kuita tsvuku tsvuku. Mumavhavha ega ega mune mbeu dzinoverengeka kubva pagumi kusvika pamakumi mashanu. Imwe neimwe yadzo yakatsimbirirwa, yakareba ne10mm.

Unozvichengeta sei iwe?

Iwe unoda kutora imwe uye kuitarisira iyo nenzira yakanakisa nzira? Tevedzera rairo yedu:

Nzvimbo

Achiote chirimwa icho inofanirwa kuiswa kunze, kungave muzuva rose kana mune semi-mumvuri. Mumamiriro ekunze panoitika mazaya echando, munguva yematsutso-nguva yechando inofanira kunge iri kana kuti mumba mune inopenya kwazvo kamuri, kungave mugreenhouse kana kuchengetedzwa nepurasitiki kuitira kuti ichengetedzwe kubva kumatembiricha akaderera.

Ivhu kana substrate

Kwete kunyanya kuda. Inokura zvakanaka mumhando dzese dzevhu, asi kana ikarimwa muhari tinokurudzira kushandisa substrate ine drainage yakanaka, senge nhema peat yakasanganiswa neperlite kuitira kuti igone kudzika zvirinani.

Kudiridza

Kunwisa kunofanirwa kuve kazhinji muzhizha, mazuva ese 3-4. Gore rakasara, unofanirwa kuidiridza ka2 kana katatu pasvondo, Kudzivisa kuwanda kwemvura. Kana ikachengetwa muhari ine ndiro pasi, mvura yakawandisa inofanira kubviswa maminetsi gumi mushure mekudiridza.

Mvura yakanakisa yekudiridzira inogara ichinaya, asi kana tisingakwanise kuiwana, tinozadza chigubhu nemvura yemupombi uye tochirega chimire usiku hwese tisati tachishandisa.

Vanyoreri

Sezvo chiri chirimwa chine michero yacho yakakodzera kudyiwa nevanhu, chinofanirwa kubhadharwa nacho Organic mafetiraiza. Kana iri pasi, tinogona kuisa 2-3cm gobvu rakapetana manyowa kubva kune imwe mhuka inodyisa (Kana tichiiwana iri nyowani, tinofanirwa kuisiya iome muzuva kweinenge vhiki), asi kana iri muhari zvinonyanya kukurudzirwa kuisanganisa nefetiraiza yemvura, senge guano, Kutevera zvinoratidzwa zvakatsanangurwa papakeji.

Kudyara kana kupandukira nguva

Iyo yakakodzera nguva yekudyara mubindu ndeye muchirimo (Kubvumbi-Chivabvu kuchamhembe kwenyika, uye Gumiguru-Mbudzi kumaodzanyemba kwenyika). Kana iwe uine iyo muhari, iwe unofanirwa kuiendesa kune imwe iyo ingangoita 5cm yakafara kupfuura yapfuura imwe makore maviri.

Kuwanza

Inowanza nembeu. Kana vangokura (kubva Nyamavhuvhu kusvika Zvita kuchamhembe kwenyika) vanounganidzwa nekutorwa kubva kumichero. Ipapo, isu tinofanirwa kuzviisa mugirazi rine mvura kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana, uye tobva tazvidyara muhari kana mumbeu yetray ine peat nhema kana mulch.

Kuisa mubhedha wembeu mu semi-mumvuri, ivo vanomera mumwedzi miviri.

Rusticity

Inotaridzika zvakanyanya kutonhora. Tembiricha pazasi 0ºC inokuvadza zvakanyanya.

Zvishandiso zve achiote

Ichi chirimwa chine mashandisirwo akati wandei, sezvauri kuzowana izvozvi:

• Culinary: iyo yepamusoro peiyo mbeu ine inonama uye ine oiri yekupfeka iyo ine pigment, inozivikanwa se annatto. Annatto inoshandiswa sechikafu chemavara aphrodisiac mune kupenda chezi dzakadai saCheddar, majarini, bhotoro, mupunga, hove inoputa uye dzimwe nguva sechigadziro mumakosi akasiyana siyana kubva kuAmerica, Canary Islands uye kunyange Southeast Asia.
• Mishonga: mishonga ye annatto ndeye: astringent, antiseptic, antibiotic, antiparasitic, diuretic, antioxidant, expectorant, kuporesa, anti-kupisa, diuretic, antigonorrheal, febrifuge, mudumbu. Inogona kushandiswa kupesana nemusoro, asthma, kuzvimba, dyspnea uye pleurisy.
  • Mbeu yepasi: inoshandiswa kurapa gwirikwiti, chibhokisi, manyoka, uye chirwere cheitsvo.
  • Mashizha: aishandiswa kurapa mweya wekufema, kurwadziwa kweitsvo, kupisa muviri, kurutsa kweropa, angina, hutachiona hweganda, conjunctivitis uye kuzvimba kweganda.
• Chishongo: Icho chirimwa chekushongedza chakanyanya chinotaridzika zvakanaka mumagadheni nemapatio. Kunyangwe semuenzaniso wakasiyana kana mumapoka, kana tichigara munzvimbo inodziya, tinogona kuva neimba yedu yakasvibira yakashongedzwa zvakanaka .

Chii chinonzi achiote mafuta?

Oiri inowanikwa kubva mumbeu yayo inosanganisirwa mumafuta, mafuta anozora, sunscreen nemafuta emiromo. Inobatsira kugadzirisa bvudzi uye kuchengetedza ganda kubva kumagetsi e-ultraviolet.

Waiziva here kuti achiote yaive chii uye chii chainoshandiswa?