The ackee, nesainzi inozivikanwa se Blighia sapida, muchero unoshamisa wekuzvarwa kuWest Africa uyo, kwemazana emakore, wakakwanisa kukunda matafura uye tsika dzekubika dzetsika dzakasiyana, kunyanya muCaribbean. Kunyangwe kutaridzika kwayo kungave kunonakidza, ackee haina mukurumbira chete nekunaka kwayo kwakasiyana, asiwo nehuviri hwayo: inogona kuve iri mbiri inonaka uye chirimwa chine njodzi kana chikasadyiwa nemazvo.
Muchinyorwa ichi chese, tichaongorora zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve muchero unonakidza uyu, kubva pauri botanical maitiro y zvinovaka muviri zvivakwa kumashandisirwo ayo angangoita ekurapa uye kukosha kwayo kwetsika munzvimbo dzakaita seJamaica neCosta Rica. Tichaonawo kuti tingaigadzirira sei zvakachengeteka uye kuti yave sei chikafu chekubika mudunhu gastronomy.
Hunhu hwe ackee muti uye muchero
Muti we ackee imhando yemuti wakasvibira unogona kusvika kureba pakati pe10 ne12 metres, ine hunde pfupi uye korona yakakora. Iyo ndeyemhuri yeSapindaceae, senge lychee uye longan. Mashizha ayo pinnate, alternate uye yakajeka girini, nepo maruva ayo, ayo anowanzoonekwa kaviri pagore, maduku, anonhuhwirira uye ane maruva akasvibira akajeka.
Muchero we ackeeKune chikamu chayo, ine chimiro chakafanana neicho chepear uye ine ruvara runosiyana kubva kune yakasvibirira kusvika kune yakatsvuka kana yeorange-yellow painoibva. Chimwe chezvimiro zvayo zvinonyanya kusiyanisa kugona kwayo kupatsanura kuita matatu lobes pakusvika pakukura kuzere, kuratidza mukati. mhodzi nhatu nhema yakakomberedzwa nenyama yekirimu kana yero aril. Iyi aril ndiyo yega chikamu chinodyiwa chemuchero uye inonyanya kufarirwa muJamaican cuisine.
Origin and geographical distribution
Iyo ackee inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeWest Africa, kusanganisira nyika dzakaita seGhana, Ivory Coast, Togo neBenin. Yakaunzwa kuCaribbean mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi 18, uye kubvira ipapo, Jamaica yakaitora semuchero wayo wenyika, ichiita kuti ive chikamu chakakosha chehunhu hwayo hwetsika uye chikafu. Mukuwedzera, ackee yakawana nzvimbo yayo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinopisa, dzakadai seCentral America, kunyanya muCosta Rica nePanama.
MuJamaica, inofungidzirwa kuti yakatanga kuunzwa naCaptain William Bligh muna 1793, kunyange zvazvo kune zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti ackee yakasvika kuCaribbean zuva risati rasvika. Nhasi, kurimwa kwayo kwakawedzera kusvika kunyika dzinoverengeka, nekuda kwayo kuenderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzevhu uye tropical mamiriro ekunze.
Nutritional properties uye hutano hunobatsira
Ackee ipfuma yakawanda ye zvakakosha zvinovaka muviri uye antioxidants. Pakati pezvinhu zvinomira pachena muhutano hwayo zvinosanganisira:
- Carbohydrates, mapuroteni uye mafuta ane hutano: Ackee aril ine chikamu chakaenzana cheaya macronutrients, achipa simba uye achibatsira kuhutano hwakanaka.
- Mavhitaminzi: Iine huwandu hwakanaka hwevhitamini C, pamwe nevhitamini B1, B2 uye B3, izvo zvakakosha pametabolism uye kusadzivirirwa.
- Zvicherwa: Iyo yakanaka sosi ye potassium, calcium uye iron, iyo inobatsira nemhasuru kushanda, hutano hwemapfupa uye kuumbwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa.
Mumishonga yechivanhu, ackee yakashandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai semanyoka, kutemwa nemusoro, conjunctivitis uye matambudziko eglucose muropa. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakare zvinoratidza kuti aril yayo inogona kunge iine hypoglycemic properties, izvo zvinoita kuti inakidze mukutarisira chirwere cheshuga. Pasinei nemabhenefiti aya, zvakakosha kuratidza kuti kushandiswa kwayo kunofanirwa kuitwa nekuchenjerera, sezvo zvikamu zvisina kuibva zvemuchero Ane chepfu inogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano.
Chengetedzo uye chepfu
Iyo toxicity ye ackee ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kunetsa uye zvinonetsa vatengi. Muchero uyu une makemikari maviri ane chepfu, hypoglycin A uye B, anowanikwa mumbeu uye muaril yemichero isati yaibva. Kudya zvikamu zvisina kuibva zve ackee zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chinozivikanwa se "Jamaican vomiting disease," ane zviratidzo zvinosanganisira. yakanyanya hypoglycemia, kurutsa, pfari uye, muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, rufu.
Kuti udzivise chepfu, muchero unofanirwa kupedzwa chete kana wanyatsoibva uye wakavhurika zvakasikwa pamuti. Uyezve, mbeu uye membrane inofanira kubviswa zvachose asati abika aril. Ripe ackee, kune rumwe rutivi, haina ngozi kudyiwa uye inova zvokudya zvinonaka uye zvinovaka muviri.
Culinary uye tsika kushandiswa
Ackee inhengo yepakati muJamaican cuisine, iyo inowanzosanganiswa nemunyu cod kugadzira ndiro yenyika. ackee uye saltfish. Ichi chikafu chikafu chemangwanani uye chinowanzoperekedzwa neyuca, plantain, kana chingwa chakakangwa.
Pamusoro pekushandiswa kwayo mukubika, ackee ine akawanda maapplication mune dzimwe tsika. MuAfrica, somuenzaniso, inoshandiswa mukugadzira sipo uye somushonga wokudzinga zvipembenene. Ichowo chikamu chetsika dzemuromo uye dzetsika dzevanhu veAfro-Caribbean, vachizvibatanidza sechiratidzo chekuzivikanwa uye nhaka yemadzitateguru munharaunda dzakasiyana.
Bhizinesi tarisiro uye kusimba
Ackee haisi chikafu chekudya mune mamwe matunhu, asiwo a sosi yakakosha yemari. MuJamaica, kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwekakani ackee kwasvika nhamba dzakakosha, zvichibatsira kuhupfumi hwenzvimbo. Zvisinei, kurima ackee kunotarisana matambudziko anoenderana nekuwedzera kwemaguta uye monoculture yezvimwe zvipenyu, semabhanana nemapaini.
Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi kwayo, zvakakosha kusimudzira kurimwa kwayo kuburikidza nenzira dzakakodzera dzeagronomic, senge Kudyara kwakasarudzika uye kutonga kwezvipembenene zvakabatanidzwa. Nenzira iyi, ackee anogona kuramba ari sosi yekudya uye hupfumi hwetsika kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Ackee yakawanda kupfuura muchero; Ibhiriji pakati petsika, chikafu chinovaka muviri uye chitubu chekupokana nekuda kwehuturu hwayo. Kubva kumidzi yeAfrica kusvika pakuita kwayo muCaribbean cuisine, muchero uyu unoramba uchifadza avo vanouwana kekutanga, uchimira pachena nekuda kwekusiyana kwawo munyika izere ne botanical nuances.