The achiote muti, nesainzi inozivikanwa se bixa orellana, chirimwa chemunzvimbo dzinopisa chave chichishandiswa kubva makare-kare nekuda kwezvimiro zvaro zvakawanda. Inorimwa zvakanyanya kuCentral neSouth America, uko inoshandiswa mugastronomy, mishonga yechisikigo, uye indasitiri yemachira. Chibereko chayo chine mhodzi dzakadzika dzakatsvuka dzinoshandiswa sechisikigo chemavara uye mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Kune avo vanoda kukura uye kutarisira muti weachiote munzvimbo dzinopisa, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvinodiwa zvezvakatipoteredza, kubva pahuwandu hwezuva kusvika kune ivhu rakakodzera. Pazasi, isu tinotsanangudza chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi uye zvinobatsira zvivakwa izvo chirimwa ichi chinopa.
Hunhu hwemuti achiote
Muti weachiote chigwenzi kana muti mudiki unosvika 2 uye 10 metres kumusoro, ine korona yakaderera, ine mashizha. Makwati ayo ane ruvara rwebrown uye anoita kusvuuka kuita mitsetse. Mashizha awo akakura, akasvibira zvakadzika, uye ane oval kana kuti moyo.
Maruva eAchiote anoyevedza, epingi kana machena, uye anokura mumasumbu ekupedzisira. Zvisinei, chimiro chikuru chemuti uyu muchero wawo, a tsvuku spiny capsule ine mhodzi dzakaputirwa nechinhu chinoisa ruvara mukati.
Mamiriro akanaka ekukura achiote
Chiedza
Annatto anoda chiedza chezuva chakawanda kuti akure aine hutano. Zvinokurudzirwa kudyara mukati nzvimbo kwainowana chiedza chezuva chakananga zuva rose. Kunyangwe ichigona kushivirira imwe mumvuri wakasarudzika, kukura kwayo kuchave kwakaringana nekupenya kwakanyanya.
Ini ndinowanzo
Uyu muti unopindirana zvakanaka nemhando dzakasiyana dzevhu, asi unoda ivhu rakanyoroveswa zvakanaka, rakapfuma muvhu. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa sandy loam kana clayey loam ivhu rine kwazvakarerekera kune zvishoma acidic pH. Hunhu husina kunaka hwemvura hunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvemidzi.
Kudiridza
Kudiridza kunofanira kuva pakati nepakati. Kunyangwe ichida imwe mwero wepakati, mvura yakawandisa inogona kukonzera kuora kwemidzi. Sezvineiwo, diridza muti wako kana iyo yepamusoro yevhu yaoma, angangoita mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi ega ega, kugadzirisa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze.
Kupisa uye hunyoro
Annatto inokura mutembiricha kubva 20°C uye 30°C. Chirimwa chemunzvimbo dzinopisa zvikuru chisingashiviriri kutonhora kwakanyanya. Uyezve, inoda hunyoro hwepamusoro, saka mumamiriro ekunze akaoma zvinokurudzirwa kupfira mashizha ayo nemvura kana kushandisa humidifier.
Kutarisirwa kwakakosha kwekukura kwakakwana
Kuchekerera
Kuchekerera kunokosha kuchengetedza hutano hwemuti. Dzinofanira kubviswa matavi akaoma, mashizha akaoma uye maruva akaora kukurudzira kukura kwakarongeka. Zvinokurudzirwawo kuichekerera kuti ivandudze kutenderera kwemhepo pakati pemashizha ayo.
Fertilization
Kushandiswa kwefetereza yakaenzana kunofadza kukura kwayo. Inokurudzirwa kushandisa chigadzirwa chine chikamu che 14-14-14 nitrogen, phosphorus uye potassium. Fertilization inofanira kuitwa mwedzi wega wega muchirimo nezhizha, ichideredza muchando.
Madenda nezvirwere
Annatto inogona kukanganiswa nezvipembenene zvakadai vanochera mashizha nevanochera mbeu. Iyo zvakare inotapukirwa nezvirwere zvefungal senge anthracnose. Kuti udzivise matambudziko aya, zvakakosha kuchengetedza kutenderera kwemhepo kwakanaka uye kudzivirira kuwedzeredza.
Mukuwedzera, zvakakosha kuziva zvimwe zvikamu zve achiote kurima kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwavo uye purofiti.
Mishonga yemishonga uye kushandiswa kweachiote
Mbeu yeAnnatto ine bixin uye mamwe macarotenoids ane antioxidant simba. Pakati pezvinhu zvayo zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvi:
- Hypoglycemic properties: Inobatsira kuderedza mazinga eshuga.
- kugaya zvinobatsira: Inoshandiswa semushonga wechisikigo wekubvisa kusagadzikana kwemudumbu uye kugadzirisa kugaya.
- Antibacterial zvivakwa: Mushonga wayo unoshandiswa kurapa utachiona uye matambudziko ekufema.
- Kusimbisa immune system: Iine huwandu hwakawanda hwevhitamini A, yakakosha kune hutano.
Annatto inoshandiswawo mumaindasitiri ezvekuzora uye ezvekudya. Mugastronomy, chinhu chakakosha mukubika kwakasiyana-siyana kweLatin America nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuwedzera ruvara uye kunaka kune ndiro.
Muti weAchiote imhando isingangonakidzi nzvimbo dzinopisa chete, asiwo ine hupfumi hwemishonga, yekubika, uye maindasitiri. Nekutarisira kwakakodzera uye ruzivo runodikanwa, zvinokwanisika kuikura zvinobudirira munzvimbo ipi neipi inopisa. Kana kuenzana kwakafanira kwechiedza chezuva, mwando, feteraiza, uye kuchekerera zvikaramba zvichichengetwa, muti uyu unogona kupa zvikomborero zvakawanda uye kuva manyuko anokosha ezviwanikwa.
