Complete Guide: Maitiro eKudyara uye Kukohwa Garlic kumba

Garlic Yakawana nzvimbo yayo seimwe yezvirimwa zvakakosha muminda yemichero nemapindu, kungave nekuda kwekureruka kwayo kwekurima, kudzoka kwayo kwakaderera, kana kukosha kukuru kwekubika uye kwemishonga yemagirobhu ayo. Kana iwe wakambofunga nezvekutsaurira nzvimbo kwairi mubindu rako, heino iyo Iyo yakanyanya kukwana uye yemazuva ano gwara rekudyara nekukohwa gariki, ine zvese zvakakosha zvebudiriro, ungave une ruzivo kana kuti unotanga.

Kubva pakusarudza zvakasiyana-siyana Kubva pakuziva nguva chaiyo yekudyara uye nzira yekuwana goho rakawanda, kune zvese zvakavanzika zvekudyara, kutarisira, kudiridza, uye kukohwa, pano iwe unowana zvese zvaunoda kuti uve nyanzvi yegariki yechokwadi pasina kubva pamba, uine matipi anobatsira emarudzi ese emamiriro ekunze nevhu.

Garlic Yakasiyana-siyana: Kusarudza Yakanakira Rudzi rweMamiriro ako ekunze

Kune marudzi maviri makuru egariki: the one mitsipa yakaoma uye izvo zve mutsipa munyoro. Imwe neimwe yakasiyana ine hunhu hwakasiyana uye zvinodiwa, saka zvakanakisa kusarudza akasiyana anonyatsoenderana nemamiriro ebindu rako:

• hardneck gariki: Ine hunde yepakati yakaoma uye inoda kupedza nguva yechando kuti igadzire girobhu. Yakanakira mamiriro ekunze anotonhora, kunyangwe ichichengeta kwenguva pfupi uye mavhavha ayo akati diki.
• softneck gariki: Haikuridzi nzvimbo yepakati, inopindirana nemamiriro ekunze akanyorova kana kudziya uye ndiyo mhando inochengetedzwa zvakanaka mushure mekukohwa. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, inosarudzwa mumapurazi ekutengeserana.
  Kune zvakare maviri akakurumbira akasiyana: garlic chena (yakapfava uye nehunhu huri nani hwekuchengetedza) uye iyo pepuru gariki (yakanyanya kusimba uye inopesana nekunyorova), zvese zvine zvinhu zvakasiyana uye zvinoshandiswa mukicheni.

Mamiriro akanaka ekukura garlic: mamiriro ekunze, ivhu, uye nzvimbo

Garlic inomira kunze kwekuchinjika kwayo uye kuramba, asi kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti magirobhu ane simba uye ane hutano zvakakosha kutarisisa kune akati wandei akakosha maficha:

Mamiriro ekunze: Inoshivirira kutonhora kwechando zvakanyanya uye inoda kudziya kwakadzikama kusvika kudziya mukati memwedzi yekuvandudza bulb (yakanyanya pakati 20°C uye 38°C) Nguva yechando yakaoma inokonzera kukura, asi pasi -25 ° C inogona kukuvadzwa. Muzhizha, kupisa kwakanyanya uye hunyoro zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yechirwere, saka zvinokurudzirwa kudzivirira ivhu rakazara nemvura uye sarudza nguva yako yekudyara zvine hungwaru.

Pasi: Inoda nyika yakareruka, yakasununguka, yakanatswa uye yakapfuma muorganic matter, asi pasina fetereza yakawandisa. Garlic inokoshesa potasium uye phosphorus, uye haitenderi ivhu rinorema, compact, kana kunyanya kunyorova zvakanaka, sezvo kuora kwegirobhu ndeimwe yevavengi vayo vakuru. Gadzira ivhu zvakanaka, wedzera manyowa akakura kana zvichidiwa, uye udzivise nitrogen fertilizer, iyo inokurudzira kukura kwemashizha pane ma bulbs.

Chiedza: Gara uchidyara munzvimbo dzine chiedza chezuva chakawanda, anenge maawa matanhatu pazuva, kuti ave nechokwadi chebudiriro yakanaka. Kana ukairima mumapoto kana mumagadheni emudhorobha, simbisa chigaba chakadzika masendimita gumi uye chine mvura yakanaka. Iwe unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo rwekukura uye kudiridza garlic mune yedu yakasarudzika gwara..

Mwaka wekudyara: Nguva yekudyara gariki zvichienderana nenharaunda?

Garlic ine nguva mbiri dzekudyara dzinokosha: en matsutso (Gumiguru-Mbudzi) and of chando kusvika pakutanga kwechirimo (Ndira-Kurume). Kusarudza nguva yakakodzera kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze ako uye nemhando yaunosarudza:

• Mamiriro ekunze akapfava kana anodziya uye Andalusia: optimal kubva Gumiguru kusvika Mbudzi kana kubva Ndira kusvika Kurume.
• Pakati uye kuchamhembe kwepeninsula: Iyo yakanaka ndeyekudyara mumatsutso (Gumiguru-Mbudzi), nekudaro kutora mukana wekudziya kwakaderera kukonzeresa kuumbwa kwegirobhu.
• Nzvimbo dzeMediterranean: Kudyara kunogona kunonoka kusvika munaNovember-Ndira.

Panewo sarudzo yekudyara garlic muchirimo. munzvimbo dzinotonhora zvakanyanya kana kutora mukana wenzvimbo iri seri kwezvimwe zvirimwa. Chero zvazvingaitika, zvakakosha kuti udzivise madhiri uye mvura ichangopfuura kudzivirira kumera kubva pakuoma.

Kugadzirira nekudyara: nhanho nhanho yegoho rakabudirira

Kudyara kwakafanira kunokosha pakukohwa zvakawanda. Usati watanga, sarudza misoro yakanaka yekudyara. Shandisa mazino makuru, ane utano, uye asina kukuvara. Kuparadzanisa mazino, kurasa zviduku kana zvirema, kubvira zino rimwe nerimwe richamera muti uye naizvozvo kumusoro mutsva wegariki.

Matanho ekudyara garlic:

1. Gadzirira pasi: Dyara mumitsara inosiya 10-15 cm pakati pemeno uye imwe 20 cm pakati pemitsara. Shandisa ivhu rine spongy uye dzivisa ivhu rakasungirirwa kana kuti rakanyanyisa nitrogen-rich.
2. Dyara mazino: Viga zino rimwe nerimwe 3-5cm kudzika (zvishoma zvishoma kana ivhu richirema). Nguva dzose isa muromo wezino wakatarisa kumusoro uye chigadziko chakatarisa pasi.
3. Mvura zvinyoro: Ipa kudiridza zvine mwero kwekutanga kudzikamisa ivhu, asi dzivisa kudonha kwemvura.
4. Muhari: Shandisa gaba rinenge rakadzika masendimita gumi uye ona kuti rinowana chiedza chakananga.

Mumavhiki maviri kana matatu uchatanga kuona mashizha ekutanga achimera.

Chengetedza nguva yese yekukura: izvo zvakakosha kune akakwana mababu

Garlic chirimwa chiri nyore, asi chinoda kutarisirwa kwakakosha:

• Irrigation: Zvakakosha usazviwedzere. Garlic inorimwa-inotsungirira kusanaya kwemvura zvakanaka asi inovenga mvura yakawandisa. Kudiridza kwakareruka, kwakaparadzana kunokwana, kuchiwedzera zvishoma mumavhiki ekutanga uye kuchideredza gare gare. Munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura yakawanda kana muvhu rakaoma, unogona kuita pasina kudiridza. .
• Undergrowth: Chengeta ivhu rakachena masora, sezvavanokwikwidzana nokuda kwezvokudya nemvura.
• Kuchekerera maruva: Muchirimo, marudzi akawanda anobudisa mashanga emaruva (scapes). Kana iwe ukaarega achitumbuka, chikafu chinoenda kuruva uye girobhu richava diki. Cheka ruva akabata dzinde racho nekunyatsoridhonza.
• Knotted: Iyi tsika yechinyakare inoitwa kana mashizha asvika pakureba kwakanaka. Sunga pfundo pazasi pedzinde kuitira kuti chikafu chisvike pagirobhu uye mashizha otanga kuoma.

Rangarira kuti garlic ndiyo shoma zvikuru inobatwa nezvipembenene, sezvo ichiita sechisikigo sechinhu chinodzinga, kunyange zvazvo nhunzi kana zvipembenene zvingangoonekwa panguva yechirimo. Zvikamu zvakakomba hazviwanzo.

Kuibva uye kukohwa: riini uye sei kukohwa gariki

Kukohwa ndiyo nguva inotarisirwa zvikuru uye zvinofanira kuitwa panguva chaiyo yokuibva. Kazhinji, vanotora 4-6 mwedzi pakupedzisa kutenderera kubva pakudyara.

Nguva yekukohwa? Chiratidzo chakanakisisa ndechekuti pakati pehafu nezvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvemashizha zvakatanga shandura yero uye wooma, asi pasina kusvava zvachose. Panguva ino, girobhu rinenge rasvika pakukura kwayo.
Chimwe chiratidzo ndiko kuomeswa kwehunde yepakati, kunyanya mumhando dzakaoma. Sarudza zuva rakaoma, rega kukohwa mushure memvura, uye iva nechokwadi chokuti ivhu rakaoma zvachose.

Kukohwa sei? Shandisa foshoro diki kana badza kuburitsa girobhu zvinyoronyoro pasina kurikuvadza. Usakweva zvakananga padzinde kudzivirira kutyora magirobhu.

Kurapa uye kuchengetedza: wedzera hupenyu hwegoho rako

Kurapa kwakakosha kuchengetedza gariki iri muchimiro chakakwana kwemwedzi. Pakarepo mushure mekukohwa, zunza ivhu uye bvisa midzi yakakanganisika nemashizha. Siya magirobhu muzuva kwemazuva maviri kana kuasungirira munzvimbo ine mhepo inofefetera, ine rima, uye yakaoma kwemavhiki maviri. Dzidza nzira yekukohwa garlic nemazvo mugwara redu..

Usageza gariki, ingobvisa tsvina yakakora. Kana yaoma, cheka midzi kusvika pa 0,5 cm uye dzinde kusvika 2-5 cm, kana kuti ruka kana uchida kuichengeta yakaturika.

Chengeta magirobhu munzvimbo inotonhorera, ine mhepo ine tembiricha yakagadzikana pakati 13º uye 14ºC. Nguva dzose edza kuchengetedza humidity iri pasi pe50% kudzivirira kukura kwe mold. Nekutevera nhanho idzi, unogona kuzvichengeta kwerinenge gore uye unakirwe nekunaka kwavo kunogara kuri kutsva.

Matambudziko akajairika uye mhinduro dzinoshanda

Kana kukura gariki kune mukurumbira wekuve nyore, imhaka yekuti, nekunzwisisa uye nemaitiro mashoma ekudzivirira, haiwanzo kuburitsa zvinoshamisa. Zvisinei, kana zvinetso zvikaitika, zvinowanzokonzerwa ne:

• Kuwedzera kwemvura: Mafurabhu anogona kuora. Solution: Kuvandudza mvura, kuderedza kudiridza, uye usambodyara munzvimbo dzine mvura inomira.
• Madenda nezvirwere: Vashoma, asi zvinogoneka. Chinjana zvirimwa uye tenderedza nzvimbo makore ese 2-3. Kana ukaona makwapa pamashizha kana madzinde, bvisa zvirimwa zvakakanganisika uye dzivirira kudyara munzvimbo iyoyo nekushandura zvirimwa kunze kwemhuri yehapa.
• Kushaikwa kwehukuru muma bulbs: Zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwemumvuri wakawandisa, ivhu rakakomberedzwa kana kushandiswa kwematinini madiki. Kana izvi zvikaitika, vandudza ivhu uye sarudza zvekudyara zviri nani nguva inotevera.

Mamwe mazano ekuwedzera goho rako

Tora mukana wezvigadzirwa zvebiostimulant sekugadzirira kwakavakirwa paBacillus Amyloliquefaciens iyo inowedzera kuwanikwa kwephosphorus uye inovandudza midzi. Wedzera compost sechitubu che organic matter, asi dzora nitrogen. Musakanganwe kutevedzera chirongwa chekudyara nekutenderedza mbesa kudzivirira kuderera kwevhu nezvirwere.

Kukura gariki chiitiko chine mubairo uye chinowanikwa zvakanyanya kune chero anofarira horticulture. Nekutevera matipi aya unogona kukohwa magirobhu makuru ane hutano azere nekunaka. mubindu rako pachako, uchinakidzwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvakasikwa zvinonhuwira gore rose, uye nekugutsikana kwekuzvirima iwe pachako. Usazengure kuyedza marudzi akasiyana uye gadzirisa maitiro kune yako microclimate, nekuti hunyanzvi hwekudyara nekukohwa gariki hunogona kusvika kune chero munhu anoshinga kuiedza.