Nguva yechando inogona kuva muedzo chaiwo wekutsungirira kwemiti yedu yemichero.. Apo tembiricha inoderera, zvirimwa zvakawanda zvinotambura migumisiro yacho: maruva anokundikana kudzika, matavi anotyorwa neaizi, kana kuti michero inorasika isati yaibva. Kunyange zvakadaro, Zvinokwanisika kunakidzwa nekukohwa kunonaka kunyange munzvimbo dzinotonhora zvikuru, chero bedzi tichiziva kuti tingasarudza sei mhuka zvakanaka, nguva yekuita uye ndeapi maitiro ekushandisa kuti azvidzivirire. Kana uchida ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro pemhando dzakakodzera mamiriro aya, unogona kubvunza Ichi chinyorwa pamusoro pemiti yemichero yakaoma.
Muchikamu chino tichakudzidzisa iwe zvakadzama zvose zvinobudirira kutarisira uye mazano kuti iwe unogona kuisa kuti uwedzere miti yemichero isingatonhori uye uidzivirire kubva kune inotyisa yechando, zvose munguva yechando uye muchirimo. Uye chikamu chakanakisa: tichazviita nacho ruzivo rwechokwadi, rwechisikigo uye rwuri nyore kunzwisisa.
Ndeipi miti yemichero inoshingirira kutonhora nechando?
Kusarudza mhando yemichero yakanaka ndiyo kiyi yekutanga kuitira kuti vagone kurarama mukuoma kwechando. Kune marudzi ayo, nekuda kwekutenderera kwawo kwechisikigo kana physiology yavo, Ivo vanotsungirira sub-zero tembiricha zviri nani uye enderera mberi nebudiriro yavo pasina matambudziko kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka adzoka. Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekusarudza mhando dzemiti yemichero maererano nemamiriro ekunze, ndinokurudzira kuverenga chinyorwa ichi chakananga.
Miti ye rawa Shizha, zvakadai sepuramu, peari, apuro kana cherry miti, pinda mamiriro e dormancy anonzi vegetative rest, inova rudzi rwehubernation yechisikigo panguva iyo kuderedza metabolism yavo kune zvishoma kudzivirira kubva kune yakaipa mamiriro ekunze. Iyi nzira inovabvumira kurarama mwedzi inotonhora zvikuru uye kumera zvine simba muchirimo.
Pakati pemiti yemichero inonyanya kutsungirira kutonhora ndeye:
- Cherry uye plum miti: Yakanyatso kuenderana nemamiriro ekunze ane mwaka wechando, iwo anotumbuka mukupera kwechando kana kutanga kwechirimo.
- Apple uye pear miti: Mukuwedzera pakutsungirira kutonhora kwakadzika, vanobereka michero inonaka kana yakasimwa muvhu rakanyoroveswa.
- Hazelnuts uye walnut miti: Mhando mbiri idzi dzinoshivirira kutonhora zvakanaka, kunyange munzvimbo dzine mazaya echando zvinokurudzirwa kuchengetedza maruva.
- Quince uye medlar miti: Uyewo akakodzera kutonhora uye kutonhora kwemamiriro okunze, kunyange zvazvo anonyanya kunetseka nemaruva.
Haisi miti yese yemichero inoshingirira zvakaenzana.. Mhando dzeTropical dzakadai semapopo, mango, magwavha, pitahaya, uye michero yeshungu dzinonzwa chando zvakanyanya uye zvinonyanya kurimwa mugreenhouse kana uchigara munzvimbo inogara chando.
Kuti chando chinokanganisa sei miti yemichero
Frost ndeimwe yevavengi vakuru kune chero muti wemichero., kunyanya pazvinoitika muchirimo, panotanga maruva. Kuti unzwisise nzira yekudzivirira nayo zvakanaka, zvakakosha kuziva Chii chinoitika mukati mechirimwa panguva yechando. Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti chando chinokanganisa sei zvidyarwa uye kuti ungaderedza sei mhedzisiro, unogona kushanya Iyi link.
Chando chinoitika kana tembiricha yakadzikama ichidzika pasi pe0°C kwenguva yakati rebei. Izvi zvinokonzera mvura mumhepo uye muvhu kunoomesa nechando, kuisa muchimiro chechando kana chando panzvimbo dziri pachena. Asi chinhu chinonyanya kukuvadza chinoitika mukati memasero emuti.
Kana mvura iri mumasero inotonhora, micro ice crystals inoumba iyo inoputsa sero madziro. Mhedzisiro ndeyekupera mvura, necrosis uye, mumatambudziko akaoma, kufa kwebuds, matavi kana kunyange muti pachawo.
Mhando dzakajairika dzekukuvadza kwechando pamiti yemichero dzinosanganisira:
- Kurasika kwemaruva pavanenge vatovhurwa, zvinoreva kuti hapazovi nemuchero.
- Black kutsva pamashizha kana nhungirwa nyoro.
- Akaputsika capillary mapazi nekurema kweaizi kana nechando chemukati.
- Michero yakaremara kana kuti nguva isati yakwana yakadonha kana vakaisa uye vobva vatambura kudonha kamwe kamwe kwekushisa.
Kuchengetedza kuchengetedza miti yemichero kubva kunotonhora
Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kutonhora kubva pakukuvadza miti yedu yemichero ndeyekutarisira.. Pane zviito zvakawanda zvaunogona kutora kutanga mukudonha kugadzirira miti yako yekusvika kwechando. Pano tinounganidza anonyanya kushanda:
1. Sarudza nzvimbo yakanaka
Kudyara zvakanaka kudyara kamwe chete. Kana iwe uri muchikamu chekugadzira, sarudza nzvimbo mubindu inodzivirirwa kubva kumhepo, ine chiedza chezuva (zvichida chakatarisana nechokumaodzanyemba) uye, kana zvichibvira, pedyo nemimwe miti kana madziro anogadzira windbreak. Dzivisa nzvimbo dzakaderera kana makomba uko mhepo inotonhora inoungana zviri nyore. Pamusoro pezvo, kana ukaronga kurima miti yemichero mumidziyo, unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nezve miti yecitrus muhari pano.
Imwe sarudzo inoshanda ndeye rima miti yemichero mumidziyo kana hari huru, kunyanya panyaya yemiti yemacitrus kana kuti inopisa. Nenzira iyi, tinogona kuvafambisa mukati meimba kana kupinda mugreenhouse panguva yechando.
2. Padding kana mulching
Kuchengetedza midzi kwakakosha sekutarisira mapazi.. Nzira iri nyore uye ine hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza yekuita izvi ndeye mulching: kuvhara pasi pemuti nezvinhu zvehupenyu zvakaita semulch, bark yepine, huni machipisi, kana mafiber echirimwa secoconut fiber.
Iyi sisitimu inobatsira chengetedza kupisa kwevhu kwakagadzikana, inodzivirira kubuda kwakanyanyisa kwemvura uye inovhara kupinda kwakananga kunotonhora kumidzi yakanyanyisa. Kana muti wacho uri mudiki, mulch inofanira kunge yakakora 10-15 cm. Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemhando dzakasiyana dzemiti yemichero, shanya Iyi link.
3. Fetereza yakakwana mumatsutso
Munguva iyi, muti unoderedza kushandiswa kwemagetsi, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti hazvidi zviwanikwa. Fetereza yeorganic isati yadonha tembiricha inogona kuita mutsauko. Shandisa mupfudze wakura, kukanda makonye kana mupfudze wakaviriswa zvakanaka.
Izvi zvichapa kunonoka-kuburitsa zvinovaka muviri iyo ichabatsira midzi yemidzi kuti iwane zvokudya munguva yechando uye Vachasimbisa muti kurwisa chando. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvekutarisira miti yemichero muvhuvhu, ndapota usazeza kubvunza ichi chinyorwa.
4. Strategic kuchekerera
Hazvikurudzirwi kuchekerera nguva isati yasvika kana panguva yechando.. Maronda ekuchekerera anoramba akavhurika kwemazuva akati wandei uye ari nyore kutapukirwa nehutachiona kana kukuvara kwechando. Nenzira yakanaka, inofanira kuitwa pakupera kwechando kana kuti sezvo chitubu chinotanga, apo muti unotanga kufamba zvakare.
Bvisa matavi akafa kana ane chirwere mukudonha kwekupedzisira kana zvichidikanwa, uye chengetedza maitiro kana zvakanyanya kuchekerera kupedzisa kwe dormancy. Nenzira iyi tinodzivisa kumutsa pfuti itsva inogona kukuvadzwa nechando chanonoka. Kana iwe uchitsvaga rumwe ruzivo nezvekuchekerera miti yemichero yematombo, shanya Iyi link.
5. Anti-chando irrigation systems
Imwe yeanonyanya kuda kuziva uye anoshanda nyanzvi tekinoroji ndeye kudiridza uchishandisa micro-sprinklers kana hurongwa hwemhute yemvura. Kana chando chiri pedyo, hurongwa hunoshandiswa uye muti unoramba uchinyoroveswa, uchiita chando chakaonda kwazvo pamusoro pemashizha nematavi.
Iyi ice chaiyo Inoshanda senhovo inodzivirira: Kana yaumbwa, inoburitsa kupisa kwakadzikama uye inochengeta tembiricha yemiti yechirimwa ichingori 0ºC chete, ichidzivirira kukuvara kwakanyanya kubva kuchando chiri pasi pe zero. Iyi sisitimu yakaedzwa zvakabudirira pazvirimwa zvakaita seblueberries, citrus fruit, uye maruva miti yemichero yematombo. Kana uchida kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemiti yemichero inomera nokukurumidza, ndinokukoka kuti uverenge ichi chinyorwa.
Inoda diki chiteshi chemamiriro ekunze chakabatana nekushisa uye humidity sensors, uye inogona kuchinjirwa kune madiki mapurani kana emhuri magadheni.
