El Cereus hexagonus Ndiyo imwe yemiti inonzi cacti inokwezva maziso kunyange kune munhu asinganyanyi kufarira zvirimwa. Iyi miti mikuru inonzi columnar cactus, inenge kureba kwakaita semuti uye kunoshamisaInosanganisa chifananidzo chemifananidzo nemaruva anotumbuka husiku uye michero isingawanzodyiwa. Hazvishamisi kuti munzvimbo zhinji dzinopisa inorimwa nekuda kwekunaka kwayo kwekushongedza uye michero yayo inotapira.
Kupfuura chitarisiko chayo chinoshamisa, Cereus hexagonus Imhando ine nhoroondo refu yemiti, zita rine zvarinoreva kubva pamavambo aro, uye kupararira kwaro kwakawanda kuchamhembe kweSouth America neCaribbean. Muchinyorwa chino, tichatsanangura hunhu hwaro, kwarakabva, kupatsanurwa kwaro, mashandisirwo aro, uye ruzivo rwakakosha rwekurimwa kwaro. kurima uye kuriwanza pasina kuwandisa zvinhu.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi Cereus hexagonus?
El Cereus hexagonus, inozivikanwa zvikuru sejasmine inotumbuka husiku, kenduru kana cirial, muti une succulents uri wemhuri cactiMukati merudzi rweCereus, igwenzi rine tsika yakajeka yekoramu iyo, nekufamba kwenguva, inova nechimiro chakafanana nemuti uye inogona kusvika pakukunda nzvimbo yainokura yega.
Rudzi urwu runoratidzwa nekukura madzinde akamira uye akapatsanurwadzinobuda pedyo nepasi, dzichiita rudzi rwemuti mudiki une matavi akati wandei akamira. Hunde imwe neimwe inogona kusvika mamita akati wandei pakureba, uye kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka chirimwa chose chinogona kudarika 15 mamita, chimwe chinhu chinoita kuti ive imwe yemiti ye cacti inoyevedza zvikuru munharaunda yayo.
Ruvara rwemadzinde runowanzova girini rakareruka rine ruvara rwegiriniKureva kuti, neruvara rwebhuruu kana grey zvishoma sezvinoita macacti mazhinji akagadzirirwa mamiriro ekunze akaoma uye ane zuva. Zvikamu zvacho zvakatenderera uye zvakakora, zvine dhayamita inogona kusvika 12 cm kana kutopfuura zvishomazvichikonzera makoramu akasimba akafanana nekenduru, ndosaka iri rimwe remazita ayo akajairika.
Kubva pamaonero echimiro chemuviri, Cereus hexagonus Inofanana zvikuru nedzimwe mhando dzerudzi rumwe chete, kunyanya ku Cereus lepidotusMusiyano uripo pakati pezviviri izvi ungada ruzivo rwakadzama rwemiti, sezvo zvichifanana nehunhu hwazvo: chimiro chekoramu, madzinde akamira, uye maruva makuru, anoshamisa.
Mbabvu, maareole, uye misana yemukoko wekatsi
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa nezve cactus iyi ndechekuti ine mbabvu refuHunde yega yega inowanzova pakati 4 uye 6 mbabvuMitunhu iyi yakatetepa uye ine mafungu zvishoma. Inogona kusvika 3 kusvika 5 cm pakureba, zvichiita kuti ive nemakona akakombama, ndosaka mhando iyi ichibatanidzwa nepfungwa yechikamu chehexagonal.
Mbabvu dziri pamusoro pavo areolesAya ma areole ndiwo maumbirwo madiki akajairika e cacti umo mitsetse, maruva, uye nhungirwa itsva dzinobuda. Kana iri Cereus hexagonus, ma areole madiki, uye pamadzinde madiki anogona kuoneka asina mitsetse yakawanda kana kuti asina zvachose, zvichiita kuti aonekwe akachena uye akatsetseka panguva yekutanga kwekukura.
Nekufamba kwenguva, madzinde ekare anova nehurongwa hwekudzivirira hunoonekwa: maareole anotanga kubereka minzwa yakasimba, isina kuenzanaMuzvikamu izvi zvevanhu vakuru, zvakajairika kuwana pakati 8 uye 10 spines, dzimwe nguva zvakatonyanya, nehurefu hunowanzowira pakati 5 uye 6 cmIyi minzwa inotanga kuoneka yakatsvuka, zvishoma nezvishoma ichipenya sezvo chirimwa chinokura.
Musiyano uyu uripo pakati pe zvikamu zvidiki zvine minzwa mishoma Uye zvikamu zvekare, zvine zvombo zvakawanda zvinoita kuti muti wacho uve nechitarisiko chinonakidza, sokunge unogona kuverenga zera rawo nekutarisa kuwanda uye ruvara rwemitsipa iri pachikamu chimwe nechimwe.
Michero inotumbuka husiku uye inodyiwa
Imwe yezvakanakisa zvinokwezva zve Cereus hexagonus Maruva ayo makuru, akavhurika, uye anoyevedza zvikuru, anowanzo mera pamusoro pedzinde. Maruva ane ruvara rwakati. chena kana kirimu, yakaita sefunnel kana kuti bhosvo, iyo inogona kusvika pakati 20 uye 25 cm kurebaSaka, zvinonyanya kuonekwa kunyange padenga rakakwirira.
Maruva aya anovhurika zvakanyanya panguva ye nocheIzvi zvakaita kuti pave nezita rakakurumbira rekuti jasmine inotumbuka husiku hwebhuruu mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Inowanzo buritsa hwema hwakapfava, hwakagadzirirwa kukwezva zvinokura husiku zvakaita semamwe marudzi e zvipfukuto kana zviremwaremwaizvo zvinoshandisa mukana wekuvhurwa kwemaruva panguva yerima kuti zvidye nectar uye, sezvineiwo, zvinotakura mukume kubva kune chimwe chirimwa kuenda kune chimwe.
Mushure mekubereka mbeu, michero yakasiyana-siyana inoumbwa. Iyi ndiyo michero yakaita oval ine ruvara rutsvuku rwakarerukasaizi yebhora diki retenesi. Kureba kwaro kunogona kusiyana zvakanyanya, kazhinji kunobva pakati 5,5 uye 13 cmKana yaibva, michero iyi inovhurika kana kuchekwa zviri nyore kuti ibudise muto une mavara akawanda. chena kana pingi, ine mhodzi nhema dzakawanda.
Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti Michero yeCereus hexagonus inodyiwa.Muto wayo une muto uye unotapira, dzimwe nguva une kunaka kwakanaka kana tichienzanisa nekwemaapricots, kunyangwe uine hunhu hwawo hwakasiyana. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo uko chirimwa chinokura zvakasikwa, michero yacho inodyiwa iri mitsva kana kushandiswa mundiro dziri nyore, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yemichero inodyiwa yecactus inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa.
Kugoverwa kwechisikigo uye nzvimbo yekugara
Nzvimbo yekugovera yemuno Cereus hexagonus Yakanyanya kuwanda kuchamhembe kweSouth America nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeCaribbean. Sezvingatarisirwa, mhando iyi inowanikwa kuchamhembe... Brasiluyewo mukati French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname neVenezuelaZvakataurwawo kuti zviri muVenezuelan Antilles, uko zvinoumba chikamu chezvinomera zvemunzvimbo dzakati wandei dziri kumahombekombe nepakati penyika.
Kunze kwenzvimbo yayo yekutanga, cactus yave yakaunzwa munyika dzakasiyana-siyana nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kwekushongedza uye, zvishoma, nekuda kwekufarira michero yayo. Inozivikanwa kuti inorimwa uye inogadzirwa seyakasikwa munzvimbo dzakadai se Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico uye zvimwe zve Leeward IslandsYakatoenda kure zvakanyanya, nezvinyorwa zvekuunzwa kwayo mu India, uko inojaira zvakanaka munzvimbo dzinodziya.
Nezverudzi rwenzvimbo yazvinoitika, Cereus hexagonus inonyanya kusanganiswa ne nzvimbo ine hunyoro yetropical biomeKunyangwe zvingashamisa sezvo iri cactus, haigari munzvimbo dzisina mvura chete, asi inoonekwa munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda, chero bedzi ivhu richikwanisa kuyerera zvakanaka uye zuva richinaya zvakanaka.
Zvinowanikwa kubva ku mwero wegungwa kusvika pakakwirira zvakanyanya, zvichisvika padanho repamusoro 1.700 mamitaNzvimbo iyi iri pakakwirira inoratidza kugona kwayo kunoshamisa kwekuchinja-chinja, chero bedzi mamiriro ekunze ari pakati nepakati ekupisa akachengetwa, pasina chando chakanyanya uye nechiedza chezuva chakakwana gore rose.
Nhoroondo yeBotanical uye kupatsanurwa
Nhoroondo yesainzi ye Cereus hexagonus Inotangira pakutanga kwemiti yemazuva ano. Tsananguro yekutanga yerudzi urwu yakagadzirwa nezita rekuti Cactus hexagonusuye yakabudiswa muna 1753 nenyanzvi yezvisikwa yeSweden yakakurumbira Carl linnaeus mune rimwe remabasa ake ekutanga, Mhando PlantarumPanguva iyoyo, ruzivo rwe cacti rwakanga ruchiri rushoma, uye pakanga paine katsika kekuisa mhando dzakawanda mumarudzi mashoma.
Mumakore apfuura, sezvo kudzidza kwakarongeka kwemiti kwaifambira mberi, nyanzvi dzakasiyana-siyana dzemiti dzakagadzirisa nekunatsiridza kupatsanurwa kwemiti yecacti. Pakati pavo, nyanzvi yemiti yekuBritain ndiyo inoonekwa zvakanyanya. Philip Milleravo vakasarudza kutamisa rudzi urwu kuenda kurudzi rweCereus. Saka, Cactus hexagonus yekare yakazozivikanwa se Cereus hexagonus, zita rakaramba richishanda uye richigamuchirwa nanhasi.
Miller akanyora nezvekuchinja uku kwevakadzi nevarume mubasa rake Duramazwi revarimi, kunyanya muchinyorwa chechisere chakaburitswa mu 1768Kubva ipapo, mhando iyi yave ichibatanidzwa muboka rakakura uye rakaoma re cereus, rudzi rwunosanganisira akawanda ma columnar cacti akapararira zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dziri pasi pemvura muAmerica.
Sezvakaita nema cacti mazhinji, dzidziso dzakasiyana-siyana dzakataurwa munhoroondo yese. mazwi akafanana uye musanganiswa kureva chirimwa ichi. Zvisinei, mumabhuku emiti nedhatabhesi dziripo iye zvino, zita racho rinozivikanwa nguva dzose. Cereus hexagonus sezita rakarurama, nemamwe mazita ekare achisara semashoko anoreva zvakafanana anobatsira kutsvaga manyuko ekare.
Zvinoreva zita racho: kubva pashoko rekuti Cereus hexagonus
Zita resainzi rerudzi urwu rine ruzivo rwakawanda nezvekuonekwa kwarwo. Kune rumwe rutivi, izwi rekuti Cereus inobva muchiLatin cereusizvo zvinogona kushandurwa se "kenduru" kana "taper." Iri bhuku rinotaura zvakananga nezvechimiro chakareba, chakatwasuka, uye chekoramu chematanda, zvichiyeuchidza makenduru makuru ecylindrical anoshandiswa mumitambo yechitendero kana yekushongedza.
Kune rumwe rutivi, epithet chaiyo hexagonus Rine mavambo echiGiriki uye rinoreva kuti "hexagonal". Izwi iri rinotsanangura chimiro chinogona kuratidzwa nechikamu chematanda, chakaratidzwa ne mativi matanhatu kana mbabvu Zvakanyatsotsanangurwa mumhando dzakawanda. Kunyangwe chirimwa ichi chichigona kuratidza pakati pembabvu ina nenhanhatu, mufananidzo wehunde ine mativi matanhatu unoenderana zvakanaka nekukura kwakajairika kwerudzi rwacho.
Kubatanidza mazwi ese ari maviri, Cereus hexagonus Zvaizoreva chimwe chinhu chakaita se "kenduru ine mativi matanhatu," tsananguro yakajeka inobatsira kuwana pfungwa yechitarisiko chose che cactus kunyangwe usina kuiona, ichiratidza chimiro chayo chakatetepa uye chimiro chayo chakasiyana chembabvu.
Mamiriro ekuchengetedza uye kuvapo kwezvisikwa
Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedza, Cereus hexagonus Hazvionekwi semhuka dziri munjodzi huru pasi rose. PaRed List yemhuka idzi IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)Iyi cactus parizvino yakanyorwa muchikamu che Kunetseka Kushoma (LC).
Kurongwa uku kunoratidza kuti, zvichibva paruzivo rwuripo parizvino, mapoka emusango e Cereus hexagonus Hadziratidzi kudzikira kwakanyanya zvekuti dzinoisa muzvikamu zvine njodzi huru, zvakaita sekuti Dzinogona Kukuvara, Dziri Munjodzi, kana Dziri Munjodzi Yakanyanya. Mhuka iyi ichiri kuramba yakapararira uye ine huwandu hwakanaka munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenzvimbo dzayo dzechisikigo.
Zvisinei, sezvakaita mamwe ma cacti makuru, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kuchinja kwenzvimbo dzekugara Kutemwa kwemasango, kuwedzera kurima, uye kukura kwemaguta munzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe kana mumipata zvinogona kuderedza zvishoma nezvishoma nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kudzora kutorwa kwemiti yemusango zvakananga kuti ishandiswe mukutengeserana kwezvishongo uye kukurudzira kugadzirwa nekurima uye kupararira kwakarongwa.
Zvishandiso zvekushongedza uye kukosha kwegadheni
Mukurima gadheni, the Cereus hexagonus Inorimwa zvakanyanya semuti wekushongedza. Chimiro chayo chekoramu, kureba kwainogona kusvika, uye musiyano uripo pakati peruvara rwegirinhi rwemadzinde, mbabvu dzakakura, uye minzwa zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chakakwana chekuvaka tropical and subtropical gardensMunzvimbo dzakakura dzekunze inogona kushanda semuti wakaparadzana, senzvimbo yekumashure yemibhedha yemaruva kana kutogadzira mitsara.
Minda yakaita serenje kana kuti yakafuridzirwa ne xerophytic inobatsirwawo nekuvapo kwayo, chero bedzi mamiriro ekunze akakodzera. Pamwe chete nedzimwe cacti dzinokura zvishoma uye succulents, Cereus hexagonus Inowedzera kumira kwakatwasuka uye chimiro chinonakidza zvikuru kubva pakuona kwekugadzira nzvimbo; uyezve, inokwanisa kuchinjika zvakanaka ku poto dzepakutanga dzehupfu.
Kuwedzera pakukosha kwayo pakuona, kune kukwezva kwayo maruva eusikuMaruva aya, kunyange zvazvo asingagari kwenguva yakareba akavhurika, anoita chitarisiko chinoshamisa pahusiku hunodziya. Munhu wese ane rombo rekuona maruva akura achitumbuka achaona kuti chirimwa ichi chinova chinoyevedza zvikuru kana maruva acho makuru machena akavhurika pamadzinde ebhuruu.
Chekupedzisira, hatifaniri kukanganwa chikamu chinoshanda chebasa ravo michero inodyiwaKunyange zvazvo isina mukurumbira semimwe michero yecactus inowanikwa kutengeswa, inoremekedzwa zvikuru mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekumaruwa uye inogona kuva bhonasi yakanaka kune avo vanofarira kuedza michero isingawanzoitiki mubindu ravo repamba kana mubindu remichero.
Kubereka uye maitiro ekuparadzira
Kuwanda kwe Cereus hexagonus Inogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri huru: nembeu uye nekuchekwa kwemiti. Nzira imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, uye sarudzo inowanzoenderana nekuwanikwa kwezvirimwa uye ruzivo rwemunhu ari kurima chirimwa.
The kupararira by mbeu Chikamu chemuchero wakaibva. Kana wavhurwa, muto une muto unozadzwa nembeu diki nhema. Mushure mekuchenesa nekuomesa zvishoma mbeu idzi, dzinogona kudyarwa mumatireyi kana muhari dzine substrate inobvisa mvura yakawanda, zvichichengetedza hunyoro uye tembiricha iri nyore kukurudzira kumera. Nzira iyi inokutendera kuti uwane zvirimwa zvakawanda panguva imwe chete, kunyangwe kukura kusvika pahukuru hwakanaka kuchinonoka.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kubereka kuburikidza stem cuttings Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekumhanya kwayo uye nyore kwayo. Ingocheka chikamu chine hutano chembiru, rega chidimbu chiome uye chiporese kwemazuva akati wandei (kana kunyange mavhiki maviri, zvichienderana nehukuru), wobva wadyara chikamu ichocho munzvimbo inodonhedza mvura zvakanaka. Nekudiridza kuri pakati nepakati uye tembiricha inodziya, chidimbu ichi chichakura midzi uye chotanga kukura kuita chirimwa chitsva, chakazvimirira.
Sisitimu iyi yekucheka ine mukana wekuwedzera wekuti irambe iine hunhu hwechirimwa chaamai, izvo zvinobatsira kuchengetedza kunyanya mienzaniso yakasimba kana iyo ine hurefu hwerunako kuti vanoda kuberekana nema clona muminda yema cactus nemumaunganidzwa.
Kune avo vanotanga kurima cactus, Cereus hexagonus Imhando yakanaka pakushandisa nzira idzi, chero bedzi matanho ekudzivirira akatorwa pakubata madzinde makuru ane minzwa uye nguva yekuoma kwemaronda ikaremekedzwa usati wadyara zvikamu.
Mukupedzisa, Cereus hexagonus Inozviratidza semuti wecactus unoshamisa, wakanyura munhoroondo yemiti, une zita rinotsanangura chimiro chayo zvakakwana uye musanganiswa wehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana: hurefu, hune ganda rakapfava, mbabvu dzakakurumbira, maruva makuru ehusiku, uye michero inotapira, inodyiwa. Kupararira kwayo kwakakura kuchamhembe kweSouth America neCaribbean, mamiriro ayo ekuchengetedza asina kukanganiswa, uye nyore kurima nekupararira kwayo zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo inonakidza kune vese vanounganidza cactus nevanofarira bindu remunzvimbo dzinopisa vanotsvaga muti une hunhu hwakasimba.
