El balsa tree, nesainzi inozivikanwa se Ochroma pyramidale, ndeimwe yemhando dzakawanda zvinonakidza munyika yematanda nokuda kwayo unique properties. Huni dzayo dzakanyanya chiedza uye zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chinokosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Kubva pakugadzira raft kusvika pakugadzira modhi uye aeronautics, balsa inomira kunze kwayo kushorwa y nyore kushanda nayo. Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezvemiti, unogona kubvunza ruzivo nezve mhando dzemapoplar uye vamwe.
Mukuwedzera kune kushandiswa kwayo kwekutengeserana, muti uyu une hukuru kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza netsika munzvimbo dzakawanda dzeLatin America. Kukura kwayo nekukurumidza uye maitiro anoita kuti ive mhuka primary kune dzimwe ecosystems nenharaunda. Pazasi, isu tichaongorora zvivakwa zvayo, inonyanya kukosha mashandisirwo, pekugara, uye matipi ekurima zvakadzama.
Mamiriro emuti we balsa
El balsa tree Inozikanwa nezvayo kukurumidza kukurumidza uye chimiro chayo chechiedza. Inogona kusvika kusvika 30 metres kumusoro munguva pfupi, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanakisa yezvirimwa zvinodzorwa-kushandisa. Hunde yaro yakatwasuka ine ganda rakatsetseka uye ruvara rwakareruka runoisiyanisa kubva kune mamwe marudzi.
Mashizha emuti uyu ndiwo yakakura uye yakatetepa, zvichipa chitarisiko zvinopenya muminda yainokura. Maruva ayo, ane mavara chena kana kirimu, dzakaita sebhosvo uye dzinowanzoiswa mukume nezviremwaremwa nenyuchi. Kana iri muchero wayo, inoita kunge dehiscent capsule ine mhodzi yakafukidzwa nenyoro, silky fiber inozivikanwa se kapok. Pano unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezve Mhando uye kutarisirwa kwepaini uye firs.
Kugovera uye pekugara
El balsa tree anobva ku Central America uye South America, yakawanikwa kubva kuMexico kusvika kuBolivia, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvitsuwa zveCaribbean. Inofarira kukura mukati masango echipiri, nekukwirira kwakasiyana pakati 30 uye 830 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Imhando yemhando inorarama mumamiriro ekunze hunyoro uye kunopisa nehuwandu hwemvura inonaya gore negore.
Kuchinjika kwayo kunoibvumira kusimudzira zvese mukati masango akanyorova uye akaoma, kunyange zvazvo kukura kwayo kwakanyanya kunoitika muvhu akapfuma uye akadyiswa zvakanaka. Inotumbuka kunyanya kubva Mbudzi kusvika Kukadzi, kupa zvokudya uye pokugara kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana emhuka.
Zvivakwa uye kushandiswa kwematanda e balsa
La balsa wood yave yakakosha sosi nekuda kwayo kureruka uye kuramba. Yayo yakaderera density, inenge 140-160 kg/m³, ichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune akawanda maapplication. Zvimwe zvacho mainini Ndizvo:
- Buoyancy: Chimiro chayo chechisikigo chine maseru akazadzwa nemhepo, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakwana mabhoti nezvinhu zvinoyangarara.
- Kurwisana: Pasinei nekuve softwood, zvinoshamisa yakasimba kumanikidza uye kukotama.
- Thermal uye acoustic insulation: Yayo porous chimiro inopa yakanakisa zvivakwa sechinhu kuputira.
- Kureruka kwekugadzira: Inogona kutemwa uye kushanda pasina kuoma, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kugadzira modhi uye mhizha.
Kushandiswa kukuru kwe balsa huni
Iko kushandiswa kwehuni balsa kunovhara maindasitiri akasiyana uye zvinangwa. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu:
- Raft kuvaka: Kutenda kubhuroka kwayo, yakashandiswa kare kugadzira mabhoti.
- Modelling uye aeromodeling: Ndiyo imwe yehuni inokosheswa zvikuru yekuvaka chiyero mamodheru. ngarava, ndege uye zvivakwa.
- Aeronautical industry: Inoshandiswa mukugadzira prototypes uye zvimwe zvikamu zvendege nekuda kwekusimba kwazvo-ku-kurema reshiyo.
- Crafts uye matoyi: Kureruka kwayo kwekuveza kunoita kuti ive chinhu chakanakira kuvezwa uye zvinhu zvekushongedza.
- Kuiswa kwemurwere kwake ega: Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinodzivirira muzvivakwa nekuda kwehuremu hwayo uye kugona kwe kutorwa kwenzwi.
Kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza uye tsika
El balsa tree Haisi chete ine kukosha kwekutengeserana, asiwo yakakosha zvikuru muchimiro uye tsika dzenharaunda dzakashandisa iyo kwezvizvarwa. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, makwati ayo anoshandiswa mukurapa. tradicional kurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana. Uyezve, kuva muti we kukurumidza kukura, inobatsira kudzorera nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa nokutemwa kwemasango.
Zvisinei, mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, the kutemwa kwemasango uye kushandiswa zvakanyanya vakaisa vanhu vakati wandei vemiti iyi panjodzi. Kuchengetedzwa kwemasango nekusimazve miti kunoburitswa se mhinduro dzinokosha kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza kwayo kwenguva refu. Kune vanofarira mu kurima kwakasimba, kudzidza nezvemarudzi akaita se<em>balsa kunogona kupa zvidzidzo zvinokosha.
El balsa tree Icho chinhu chechisikigo icho, kana chichitungamirirwa nemazvo, chinogona kuramba chichipa mabhenefiti ese ari maviri ecological uye zvoupfumi. Huni dzayo dzakareruka asi dzakasimba dzinoramba dziri kiyi kune akasiyana maindasitiri, nepo kukosha kwayo mune ecosystem uye hupenyu hwenharaunda zhinji huchiita kuti ive mhando inonakidza yakakodzera kukosheswa nekudzivirirwa.
